Chapter 3: The Atom (Part 3)

Which scientist is known for the gold foil experiment?

Rutherford

The gold foil experiment led to the discovery that..

The atom is mostly empty space with a dense nucleus

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

Electron

The force that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is called

Strong nuclear force

According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms of the same element

Are identical in mass and properties

True or False

The nucleus of an atom contains protons and electrons::False (it contains protons and neutrons)

False (it contains protons and neutrons)

The atom is mostly empty space

True

Neutrons have no charge

True

Electrons are located inside the nucleus

False

The electrostatic force is responsible for attracting electrons to the nucleus

True

Name the three main subatomic particles and their charges

Proton (+), Neutron (0), Electron (−)

What did Rutherford conclude from the gold foil experiment?

The atom is mostly empty space with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus

What two forces are at work in the atom, and what do they do?

Electromagnetic force: attracts electrons to nucleus and repels protons; Strong nuclear force: holds protons and neutrons together in nucleus

Which scientist proposed that atoms are indivisible and combine in simple ratios to form compounds?

Johnn Dalton

Explain why the strong nuclear force is important for the stability of the atom

It keeps the nucleus stable by holding protons and neutrons together, preventing the nucleus from flying apart