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pollination
the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
self pollination
pollen grains are transferred onto the stigma of the same flower
cross pollination
pollen grains are transferred onto the stigma of a flower on another plot of the same species ; cross pollination is carried out by insects and wind
endospermic seeds
food is stored in the endosperm eg maize wheat
non - endospermic seeds
food is stored in the cotyledons eg pea , broad bean
fruit
a mature ovary containing seed (s)
functions of fruit
to protect seeds / to disperse seeds away from the parent plant
importance of seed dispersal
to allow the plant to colonise new areas / to reduce / competition for space h20 light / to increase the chance of survival of the species
dormancy
germination will occur even if conditions are suitable
advantages of seed dormancy
to prevent germination at the wrong time of the year / to allow time for greater dispersal
germination
when the embryo of a seed begins to grow again
germination requires
water , oxygen , suitable temperature ,or seed absorbs h20 and 02 / enzymes digest food stored in the cotyledons or endosperm / nutrients are moved to the growing embryo