Sections 1,2,4 Knowt Study

What was the Progressive Era?

A movement in the early 20th century that responded to the pressures of Industrialization and Urbanization by promoting reforms.

What did Theodore Roosevelt mean by his quote, 'The government is us, We are the government, you and I'?

It emphasizes the idea that the government is composed of the people and should serve their needs.

What were the main goals of Progressives?

To eliminate corrupt governments and officials, make government more responsive to people's needs, and address the abuses of big businesses.

Who were the Progressive Presidents?

Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.

What role did muckrakers play in the Progressive Era?

They were writers who uncovered and exposed misconduct in politics or business.

What is the significance of Upton Sinclair's book 'The Jungle'?

It led to the Pure Food and Drug Act, which banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of contaminated goods.

What was the Settlement House Movement?

A movement aimed at improving the lives of poor urban people, led by figures like Jane Addams.

What services did Settlement Houses provide?

They offered classes in child care, taught English to immigrants, ran nursery schools, and provided arts programs.

What was the Keating-Owens Act?

Legislation aimed at ending child labor in the U.S. and requiring children to attend school until a certain age.

What was the Galveston Plan?

A reform model that replaced the mayor and board of aldermen with a 5-person commission after the 1900 hurricane.

What is a Direct Primary?

An election in which citizens vote to select nominees for upcoming elections.

What is a Referendum?

A process that allows citizens to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature.

How many states allow referendums?

25 states, mostly in the western United States.

What is Recall in the context of Progressive reforms?

A power given to voters to remove public servants from office before their term ends.

What is the 17th Amendment?

An amendment that allows Americans to directly elect their own senators, rather than having state legislatures choose them.

Why were some states opposed to the 17th Amendment?

They believed it weakened the states' powers to block actions of the federal government.

What was the impact of the Progressive Era on child labor laws?

It led to laws requiring children to attend school and efforts to end child labor.

Who was Jane Addams?

A leader of the Settlement House Movement who worked to improve the lives of poor urban people.

What is the purpose of the Pure Food and Drug Act?

To ensure the safety and quality of food and drugs by banning contaminated products.

What was the role of Theodore Roosevelt in the Progressive Era?

He was a key figure who fought against big business and advocated for various reforms.

What was the status of women's voting rights before 1920?

Women, along with criminals, the insane, and Native Americans, were denied the vote.

What was expected of working-class women regarding their wages?

They were usually expected to hand over their wages to their husbands, fathers, or brothers.

What was the Temperance Movement?

A movement led by the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) advocating for the practice of never drinking alcohol.

Who was the leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)?

Frances Willard.

What did the 18th Amendment accomplish?

It outlawed alcohol.

Who were the pioneers in women's suffrage?

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

What was the National Woman Suffrage Association's goal?

To fight for a constitutional amendment granting women the right to vote.

What argument did the National Woman Suffrage Association use to advocate for women's voting rights?

If the Constitution was amended to extend the right to vote for African Americans, it should also be amended for women.

Who introduced the Society Plan to recruit wealthy, well-educated women for suffrage?

Carrie Chapman Catt.

What term was used to describe women from all levels of society promoting suffrage?

Suffragettes.

What additional reforms did the women's movement call for besides the right to vote?

Improvements in education, reforms of corrupt government, and labor reforms including child labor laws.

What does the 19th Amendment state?

The right to vote shall not be denied or abridged on account of sex.

What significant change did the 19th Amendment bring about?

It granted women the right to vote.

What social issues did women address through movements like the Temperance Movement?

Social issues related to alcohol consumption and its effects on society.

What was a common consequence of women not being able to vote?

They had little influence on politicians who could look after their interests.

What is Arbitration?

A formal meeting to talk about and settle disagreements.

What was the Square Deal?

Roosevelt's plan to treat everyone 'equal'.

What distinguishes a Good Trust from a Bad Trust?

A Good Trust provides consumers with needed products at reasonable prices, while a Bad Trust restricts trade and uses influence to charge higher prices.

What were the main demands of the coal miners during the Coal Strike of 1902?

Higher wages, shorter hours, and acceptance of their union.

Why was the Coal Strike of 1902 significant?

Eastern cities depended on Pennsylvania coal for heating, and the owners refused to negotiate.

What action did Roosevelt threaten to take during the Coal Strike of 1902?

He threatened to take over the mines if the owners didn't negotiate.

What was the outcome of the Coal Strike of 1902 after negotiation?

Workers received a shorter workday and higher pay after a three-month investigation.

What is the Hepburn Act?

An act that allowed the federal government to regulate railroad rates and set maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls, and oil pipelines.

Who were Muckrakers?

Journalists who helped raise public awareness of problems in society.

What book did Upton Sinclair publish, and what was its impact?

He published 'The Jungle,' which contributed to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act.

What did the Pure Food and Drug Act accomplish?

It banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of contaminated foods and drugs.

What is the difference between Conservation and Preservation?

Conservation is managing the use of natural resources for the benefit of all Americans, while Preservationists believe nature should be protected for its beauty.