FINAL Neuroanatomy PA quizzes

Auricle

What is A?

Auditory Canal

What is B?

Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum)

What is C?

Incus

What is D?

Stapes

What is E?

Eustachian Tube

What is F?

Cochlea

What is G?

Cochlear nerve branch

What is H?

Vestibulocochlear nerve

What is I?

Vestibular nerve branch

What is J?

Semicircular canals

What is K?

Malleus

What is L?

Auditory cortex

What is A?

Medial geniculate body of the thalamus

What is B?

Inferior colliculus

What is C?

Superior olivary cortex

What is D?

Cochlear nuchleus

What is E?

Cochlea

What is F?

Posterior canal

What is B?

Lateral/horizontal canal

What is A?

What is C?

Round window

What is H?

Oval window

What is I?

Conceptual level

What is A?

Linguistic planning level

What is B?

Motor planning/programming level

What is C?

Motor circuit controls

What is D?

Sensory system

What is E?

Direct motor pathway

What is F?

Indirect motor pathway

What is G?

Final common pathway

What is H?

Speech

What is I?

Which 2 of the following is a motor control circuit?

Basal ganglia circuit, cerebellar circuit

3 multiple choice options

A 3-year-old girl woke up with pain in her right leg. The child had no control of her right leg and could not walk. She was taken to the hospital and an exam revealed:

No voluntary movement in the right leg

Loss of tone (hypotonia) in leg muscles

Reflexes absent (hyporeflexia)

Labs revealed an acute viral infection - poliomyelitis

Is this upper or lower motor neuron damage?

Lower motor neuron damage

A 47-year-old women had a stroke while sleeping. When she awoke, her left arm and leg would not move, but she could talk. She was taken to the hospital. The exam revealed:

Weakness in upper and lower left limbs

Loss of sensation in upper and lower extremities

Reflexes present, but exaggerated (hyperreflexia)

MRI revealed a right CVA

Is this upper or lower motor damage?

Upper motor neuron damage

A type of dysarthria due to bilateral damage to upper motor neurons.

Spastic dysarthria

A type of dysarthria due to damage to cerebellar system. Characterized predominantly by articulatory incoordination

Ataxic dysarthria

A type of dysarthria due to extrapyramidal damage typically due to damage to the substantia nigra; associated with Parkinson's disease

Hypokinetic dysarthria

A type of dysarthria characterized by severe muscle weakness from diffuse brain damage; a combination of two or motor dysarthria types

Mixed dysarthria

A type of dysarthria due to extrapyramidal damage in the basal ganglia.

Hyperkinetic dysarthria

A type of dysarthria due to lower motor neuron damage

Flaccid dysarthria

The language region of the left hemisphere is known as what?

Perisylvian region

Aphasia is an acquired single-modality language disorder.

False

Which type of aphasia is the following describing: effortful speech with less than 100 words produced per minutes.

Non-fluent aphasia

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following does not fit into the category of a nonfluent aphasia?

Wernicke's Aphasia

2 multiple choice options

Which general category of alexia is a linguistic problem due to damage to the underlying reading system?

Central Alexia

1 multiple choice option

Which general category of agraphia is due to visuospatial processing and attentional problems?

Peripheral agraphia

1 multiple choice option

The oral preparatory stage of swallowing is an involuntary stage lasting approximately 1 second.

False

1 multiple choice option

The oral stage of swallowing is a voluntary stage lasting approximately 1 second.

True

1 multiple choice option

The pharyngeal stage of swallowing is a voluntary stage lasting approximately 3-5 seconds.

False

1 multiple choice option

The esophageal stage of swallowing is an involuntary stage that can last up to 20 seconds.

True

1 multiple choice option

Peristaltic waves are involuntary in nature and move what is eaten through the esophagus to the stomach.

True

1 multiple choice option

The swallowing center of the medulla includes both the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) as well as the nucleus ambiguous (NA).

True

1 multiple choice option

In what percentage of patients with dysphagia does silent aspiration occur?

One-third

In which stage of the swallow will patients experience "pocketing" of food in the cheeks?

Oral

In which stage of the swallow could patients experience weakness in the muscles of mastication and thus, difficulty chewing?

Oral preparatory

In which state of the swallow could patients experience achalasia?

Esophageal stage

In which stage of the swallow might a patient experience a delay or even an absence of a swallow?

Pharyngeal

Brainstem strokes often are the most debilitating type of stroke for swallowing, possibly resulting in the whole swallow response being absent.

True

1 multiple choice option

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have mastication problems due to muscle rigidity in the oral preparatory stage with the rigidity being caused by a lack of dopamine in their nervous systems.

False

1 multiple choice option

In which condition below might swallowing be impaired by chorea?

Huntington's disease

In which condition below will swallowing become progressively impaired to the point of being absent, but then will return as patients recover?

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Cervical spinal cord injury does not involve impairment to the swallowing mechanism.

False

1 multiple choice option

Cognition is the mental process of what?

Knowing

3 multiple choice options

Reading the newspaper while simultaneously writing down your roommate's grocery list is an example of what kind of attention?

Divided attention

3 multiple choice options

Maintaining your attention as you study for exam while ignoring your loud, gossiping roommate and his/her music is an example of what kind of attention?

Selective attention

3 multiple choice options

If I began to tell you the story of my honeymoon to Europe, what kind of memory would I be using?

Episodic memory

3 multiple choice options

If I recited the Pledge of Allegiance to you, what type of memory would I be using?

Semantic memory

3 multiple choice options

The medial temporal lobe (hippocampus) is crucial for what type(s) of memory?  Note: there may be more than 1 correct answer.

Episodic, semantic

3 multiple choice options

We can see our executive functions in action when we make goals for our week and develop action plans for accomplishing those goals.

True

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following involves holding back behaviors that might prove to be socially inappropriate and even embarrassing?

Restraint

2 multiple choice options

Right hemisphere disorder leads to deficits in which of the following two areas?

Communication, cognition

1 multiple choice option

Aprosody in right hemisphere disorder is what kind of communication problem?

Extralinguistic

1 multiple choice option

Denial of deficits is a known feature of right hemisphere disorder and is known by the term...

Anosognosia

When a patient with right hemisphere disorder looks at a picture and attempts to tell a story about it, is the patient's emphasis on the whole or the details?

The details

1 multiple choice option

In traumatic brain injury, all levels of attention and both declarative and nondeclarative memory can be affected.

True

1 multiple choice option

What type of memory is preserved in dementia?

Nondeclarative memory

Septum pellucidum

What is A?

Corpus callosum

What is B?

Cingulate cortex

What is C?

Fornix

What is D?

Thalamus

What is E?

Hippocampus

What is F?

Amygdala

What is G?

The ____________ formation is a nerve network that travels through the brainstem and thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal.

Reticular

PVS

no purposeful response to stimuli, brainstem reflexes present, sleep/wake cycle present, severely depressed EEG patterns

3 multiple choice options

Coma

no purposeful response to stimuli, brainstem reflexes present, no sleep/wake cycle, severely depressed EEG patterns

3 multiple choice options

MCS

purposeful response to stimuli at times, brainstem reflexes present, sleep/wake cycle present, variable EEG patterns

3 multiple choice options

Brain death

no purposeful response to stimuli, no brainstem present, no sleep/wake cycle, flat EEG patterns

3 multiple choice options

There is significant overlap between the neurological exam that a neurologist performs with the neurological exam that a speech-language pathologist performs.

True

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is a symptom?

"I have a headache"

3 multiple choice options

Which term means "a movement disorder"?

Dyskinesia

If I asked you to say "pa-ta-ka" as fast as possible, what would I be testing?

Diadochokinetic rate

Paralysis on one side of the body is called what?

Hemiplegia

If I asked you questions, like, "What is your name?" and "Why are you here today?" what would I be testing?

Mental status

If a patient said, "I have ringing in my ears," what would s/he be describing?

Tinnitus

What term means "slowed movement"?

Bradykinesia

Rhythmic shaking is known as what?

Tremors

Which term below means "a loss of sensation"?

Anesthesia