Chapter 22 - The Revolt of the Common Man

Yellow dog contracts

________- Employees agree not to join union.

Railroads

________- Reduce workers wages → Cut costs.

William McKinley

________- Supported creditor + sound $.

1866

Founded

1869

Founded

1893

Organized American Railway Union

1897

Social Democratic Party

Railroads

Reduce workers wages → Cut costs

1886

Organized American Federation of Labor (AFL)

1886

Founded

Closed shop

Every worker belongs + exclude non-union workers

Yellow-dog contracts

Employees agree not to join union

1894

"Coxeys Army"

1867

Founded

Granger Laws

Regulations on railroads

Cartoon character

Athletic + workforce

1891

Founded

1892

Omaha Platform

Progressive causes

Womens suffrage + prohibition

1896

"Cross of Gold" speech

1925

Scopes "Monkey" trial (opposed teaching evolution)

1896

Republican for president

William Jennings Bryan

Supported debtors + farmers

William McKinley

Supported creditor + sound $

VP

Theodore Roosevelt

Laborers

Action for wages + hours + working conditions

AFL

Not radical + collective bargaining

Election of 1896

McKinley + Roosevelt

National Labor Union

The first national labor federation in the United States

Knights of Labor

An American labor federation active in the late 19th century, especially the 1880s

Terence V. Powderly

an American labor union leader, politician and attorney, best known as head of the Knights of Labor in the late 1880s

Eugene V. Debs

An American socialist, political activist, trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World, and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States

Molly Maguires

An Irish 19th-century secret society active in Ireland, Liverpool and parts of the Eastern United States, best known for their activism among Irish-American and Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania

Pinkerton Detectives

Originally specialized in railway theft cases, protecting trains and apprehending train robbers

National Railroad Strike

Began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad cut wages for the third time in a year

Haymarket Square Riot

The aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, United States

Samuel Gompers

Founded the American Federation of Labor and served as the organization's president from 1886 to 1894

American Federation of Labor

A federation of North American labor unions that merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955

Closed vs. Open Shop

An open shop is a place of employment at which one is not required to join or financially support a union (closed shop) as a condition of hiring or continued employment

Homestead Strike

An industrial lockout and strike which began on July 1, 1892, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents on July 6, 1892

Pullman Strike

Widespread railroad strike and boycott that severely disrupted rail traffic in the Midwest of the United States in June–July 1894

Jacob Coxey

In protest of the federal government's failure to assist the American populace during an economic downturn, he formed a protest march that became known as "Coxey's Army"

Patrons of Husbandry (Grange)

Founded in 1867 to advance methods of agriculture, as well as to promote the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States

Populist Party

A left-wing agrarian populist late-19th-century political party in the United States

Mary Lease

An advocate of the suffrage movement as well as temperance but she was best known for her work with the People's Party

William Jennings Bryan

Emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, running three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States in the 1896, 1900, and the 1908 elections

William McKinley

The 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901

Election of 1896

Former Governor William McKinley, the Republican candidate, defeated former Representative William Jennings Bryan, the Democratic candidate