Atoms and nuclear radiation
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8 Terms
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Activity
Measured in becquerel (Bq)
The rate at which a scour e of unstable nuclei decays
The rate at which a scour e of unstable nuclei decays
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Alpha particle
2 neutrons and 2 protons - helium nucleus
Highly ionising
Few centimetres in air
Stopped by paper
Smoke detector- alpha particles are stopped by smoke particles, when alpha particles don’t reach the alarm and it goes off
Highly ionising
Few centimetres in air
Stopped by paper
Smoke detector- alpha particles are stopped by smoke particles, when alpha particles don’t reach the alarm and it goes off
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Beta particle
High speed electron
Ejected from the nucleus when a neutron turns into a proton
Medium ionising
1 meter in air
Stopped by thick aluminium
Ejected from the nucleus when a neutron turns into a proton
Medium ionising
1 meter in air
Stopped by thick aluminium
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Gamma ray
Electromagnetic radiation
Low ionising
10s of km in air
Stopped by thick lead
Low ionising
10s of km in air
Stopped by thick lead
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Radioactive decay is
Random
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Contamination
the unwanted presence of materials containing radioactive atoms on other materials.
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Irradiation
the process of exposing an object to nuclear radiation. The irradiated object does not become radioactive.
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How to protect against radiation
Wear gloves
Use tongs to handle any radioactive material
Use tongs to handle any radioactive material
Note 
Flashcards (47)