Chapter 7 - Harmonic Organization 3: Functions and Cadences

Function

________ is altered when a seventh is added because it creates more tension and need to resolve.

Cadence

________- The harmonic, melodic, and rhythmic conclusion to a phrase.

dominant chord

The ________ is preceded by the minor subdominant in first inversion and the descending bass line is approached from above by a half step.

Half Cadence

________ (HC)- Unresolved tension used especially in the middle of a melody.

Imperfect Authentic

________ (IAC)- Weaker authentic cadence that has either chord inverted, or has a chord member other than the root in the soprano of the tonic chord.

Phrygian Half Cadence

________ (PHC)- Occurs in a harmonic minor. The dominant chord is preceded by the minor subdominant in first inversion and the descending bass line is approached from above by a half step.

amount of tension

The ________ within the chord is determined by the stability or activity of the chord members.

Authentic cadence

________- The most common phrase- ending chord progression that uses the dominant chord to set up the tension and the tonic for the release.

Plagal Cadence

________ (PC)- Weaker progression using the subdominant to tonic to provide the resting point.

Deceptive cadence

________ (DC)- Ending progression where the dominant chord is unexpectedly resolved to the submediant instead of the tonic.

Resolution tones

________- The notes to which the active tones move.

Function

________- The placement of the chord within the key.

Tendency tones

Tones that have the tendency to resolve by half step

Resolution tones

The notes to which the active tones move

Families according to functions

Tonic

Subdominant

Dominant

Tonic

I i and vi VI

Subdominant (Predominant)

IV iv and ii ii°

Dominant

V and vii°

Tonic family

Most stable

Dominant family

The most active and move music forward with energy to resolve.

Subdominant family

Considered as transition chords. Their job is to connect stable and active chords.

Cadence

The harmonic, melodic, and rhythmic conclusion to a phrase

cadences end in these chords

I (i), vi (VI), or V (v)

Authentic cadence

The most common phrase-ending chord progression that uses the dominant chord to set up the tension and the tonic for the release

Perfect Authentic (PAC)

Concluding cadence that requires both dominant and tonic chords to be in root position.

Amen cadence

Plagal cadence