Progressivism
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Q: What did Jacob Riis’s How the Other Half Lives expose?
A: The harsh living conditions of poor Americans; example of muckraking.
Q: What did Ida Tarbell write about?
A: The unfair business practices of Standard Oil.
Q: What was Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle about?
A: The dangerous, unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.
Q: What law required lights and more toilets in tenements (NY)?
A: Tenement Act of 1901.
Q: What was the NAACP created to fight?
A: Racial discrimination and inequality.
Q: What did the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) fight?
A: Anti-Semitism and stereotypes of Jewish Americans.
Q: What was the “Uprising of the 20,000”?
A: 1909 garment workers strike that won shorter workweeks and higher wages.
Q: What union used boycotts and strikes for labor rights?
A: Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
Q: Why did the government worry about unions?
A: They were seen as too radical.
Q: Who helped pass child labor and women’s hour limits in Illinois (1893)?
A: Florence Kelley.
Q: What state passed the first minimum wage law (1912)?
A: Massachusetts.
Q: What did Lochner v. New York (1905) decide?
A: Struck down 10-hour workday law—said contracts protected employers.
Q: What did Muller v. Oregon (1908) support?
A: 10-hour workday for women based on health studies.
Q: What case extended 10-hour workday limits to men?
A: Bunting v. Oregon.
Q: What happened in the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (1911)?
A: 140 workers died in a factory fire, pushing major safety reforms.
Q: What was a result? Of Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
A: New York passed the toughest fire-safety laws.
Q: What were two new government models to reduce corruption?
A: 5-member commission & Council-Manager system.
Q: What did Mayor Tom Johnson (Cleveland) fight for?
A: Fair taxes and police reform.
Q: What did Samuel Jones (Toledo) improve?
A: Police force, minimum wage, public kindergarten.
Q: What was the Wisconsin Idea?
A: Progressive reforms like campaign limits and regulation of railroads/utilities.
Q: Who led reforms in NY and Mississippi?
Q: Who led reforms in NY and Mississippi?
Q: What did the 17th Amendment (1913) do?
A: Allowed voters—not legislatures—to elect U.S. Senators.
Q: Name three voter reforms that started in California.
A: Initiative, referendum, recall.
Q: What college first admitted women?
A: Oberlin College (1833).
Q: What percent of college students were female by 1900?
A: 33% (one-third).
Q: What jobs were women limited to before higher education?
A: Garment work, low-wage labor.
Q: What jobs became available after more education?
A: Teachers, nurses, secretaries, journalists, clerks, typists, artists.
Q: What major reforms did women support?
A: Child labor laws, education, and prohibition.
Q: What did prohibition call for?
A: Ban on making, selling, and distributing alcohol.
Q: Why did reformers support prohibition?
A: Believed alcohol caused crime, poverty, and violence.
Q: Who was famous for smashing saloons with a hatchet?
A: Carrie Nation.
Q: What amendment created prohibition? When repealed?
A: 18th Amendment (1917), repealed in 1933.
Q: Who formed the NWSA?
A: Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony.
Q: What territory first granted women the right to vote?
A: Wyoming (1869), then Utah.
Q: What did Susan B. Anthony do for suffrage?
A: Testified before Congress for decades, wrote speeches, was arrested.
Q: What arguments were used against women’s suffrage?
A: Harm society, women not educated enough, burden women who didn’t want to vote, harm alcohol industry.
Q: What organization helped African American women fight for rights?
A: NACW (National Association of Colored Women).
Q: Who was a famous member?
A: Harriet Tubman.
Q: When did women get the right to vote?
A: 1920, through the 19th Amendment.
Q: Who was the only surviving signer of the Seneca Falls Declaration in 1920?
A: One signer, age 92 (name historically: Charlotte Woodward).
Q: What did the 18th Amendment do?
A: Banned the making, selling, and transporting of alcohol (Prohibition).
Q: What year was the 18th Amendment passed?
A: 1919 (went into effect in 1920).
Q: What did the 19th Amendment do?
A: Gave women the right to vote (women’s suffrage).
Q: What year was the 19th Amendment passed?
A: 1920.
Q: What did the 21st Amendment do?
A: Repealed the 18th Amendment and ended Prohibition.
Q: What year was the 21st Amendment passed?
A: 1933.
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