Bio 110 - Lesson 7: Urban Landscapes

What does urban landscapes result in?

Habitat fragmentation, lower diversity, more species invasion, loss of native species

What increases mutation rates?

Pollution

Fragmented ecosystems lead to lower population sizes which is…

Genetic drift

Genetic drift

Random change in alleles, reduced diversity and increased divergence

What in the city absorbs heat and radiates warmth?

Concrete and asphalt

What produces rain?

Air pollution

What are the three responses of urban life?

Avoid, adapt, exploit

Phenotypic plasticity 

organism’s ability to change its phenotype (its physical traits, behaviour, physiology, etc.) in response to the environment, without changing its genes

What are lichens?

fungus + photosynthetic partner living symbiotically

What class does earthworms belong to?

Clitella

why do earthworms come up?

To mate

Are the wings of insects homologous to birds or flying mammals

No

Herbivorous

Plant eaters

Predaceous

Catch prey

Insect that kills the host

Parasitoid

How do insects reproduce?

Diapause (period of suspended development and growth to survive winter)

Order Lepidoptera

Butterflies and moths

Coleoptera

Beetles

Hymenoptera

Ants, bees, wasps

Diptera

true flies, house flies, fruit flies

Balttodea

Cockroach, termites

Hemiptera

True bugs, stink bugs

5 Subphyla of anthropods

Trilobitomorpha, Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, Hexapoda

Three categories of mammals

Monotremes, marsupials, eutherians

Two superfamilies of carnivora

Feliformia, Caniformia

Habitat fragmentation

when one large, continuous habitat is broken into smaller, isolated pieces.

What is human made and allows for dispersal between fragmented populations

Underpasses

What makes a urban bird?

Small body size, generalized diet, more eggs, live longer

What order is crows?

Passeriforme

What is unique about cooper hawks

Their attraction to urban cities and higher death rates

What is the reason for peregine falcon’s deaths?

Territorial combat