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Culture Change
A shift in music and art practices over time.
Elements of Music
Fundamental components that make up music, including rhythm, lyrics, melody, harmony, timbre, and texture.
Rhythm
The arrangement of notes and patterns in music.
Lyrics
The words of a song.
Melody
A succession of notes in time.
Harmony
Musical notes that complement the melody.
Timbre
The quality of sound that distinguishes different types of sound production.
Texture
The way different musical lines or voices interact; includes monophony, homophony, and polyphony.
Conjunct Movement
Stepwise movement in music.
Disjunct Movement
Ascending and descending music with leaps between notes.
Grand o’ Lapri
A significant figure in music during the 1930s, known for announcing music.
Shouting Style
A vocal technique in hardcore punk characterized by screaming.
Cover
A version of a song released around the same time as the original.
Covered
A new performance or recording by a musician other than the original performer.
Crossover
A technique that sends specific frequency ranges to different drivers in audio systems.
Southern (C&W)
A genre heavily influencing rock and roll, featuring artists like Bill Lewis and Elvis Presley.
Slap Bass
A technique used in Rock ‘n’ Billy involving slapping the electric bass guitar.
Close Harmony
Notes arranged within a narrow range, typically an octave apart.
Glottal Stop
A consonant formed by the audible release of the airstream after closure of the glottis.
Hook
A memorable line of lyrics in a song.
Payola
An illegal practice involving payments from record companies to radio stations for airplay.
LP
A vinyl record containing multiple songs.
Kingston Trio
Known for the song "M.T.A." which featured a political ad, recognized as a protest song.
Traditional Forms
Musical structures that repeat or mirror previous features.
Folk Songs
Traditional songs passed down through generations.
Vibrato
A technique producing a wavering sound in the voice.
Echo Effects
A recording technique that plays back a signal after a delay.
Overdubbing
A recording technique that layers multiple audio tracks.
A Cappella
Vocal music performed without instrumental accompaniment.
Dissonance
Chords and intervals that create a harsh or unresolved sound.
Consonance
Harmonious sounds that are pleasing to the ear.
Skiffle Music
A genre of British pop characterized by homemade instruments.
The QuarryMen
The original name of The Beatles.
Beatlemania
The intense fan frenzy surrounding The Beatles.
Psychedelic
A genre associated with the use of psychedelic drugs and altered states of consciousness.
American Roots Music
The foundational genres of American music, including country/western, blues, and Tin Pan Alley.
Chuck Berry
A pivotal figure in the development of rock music.
Little Richard
An influential musician known for his energetic performances.
Buddy Holly
A significant figure in rock music whose career was cut short by a plane crash.
Surf Music
A genre that became popular in the 1960s, characterized by its association with beach culture.
Folk Music
A genre that often reflects social issues and narratives.
Calypso
A style of folk music originating from the Caribbean.
Peter, Paul, and Mary
A folk group known for their soft, commercial sound.
Mariachi
A traditional form of Mexican folk music.
Dance Records
Music specifically produced for dancing, often keeping black music on the charts.
Good Vibrations
A song by The Beach Boys that utilized a theremin.
Fun, Fun, Fun
A tribute song by The Beach Boys to Chuck Berry's "Johnny B. Goode."
The Beach Boys
A band that defined surf music and dominated the genre until the arrival of The Beatles.
Soft Rock
A subgenre of rock music that is often more melodic and less aggressive.
Payola Hearings
Investigations into the illegal practice of payola in the music industry.
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