AP Gov amendments

26th

voting age no higher than 18

10th

powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved for the states/people

14th

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

16th

passed in 1913 and explicitly permits Congress to levy an income tax.

17th

allows voters to cast direct votes for senators; used to be selected by state legislatures.

18th

prohibition

12th

separate Electoral College votes for President and Vice President

20th

"lame duck;" newly elected presidents and Congress start closer to the date of elections. Establishes Congress' inauguration January 3 and President's inauguration as January 20.

22nd

Solidified the 2 term limit, which was originally just a tradition. If the VP serves less than 1/2 of the President's term he can be elected twice on his own and if Vp serves more than 1/2 he can only be elected once; max is 10 years.

25th

procedures for filling VP vacancy and outlines how a president can take back office after fully recuperated.

1st

speech, press, religion, assembly, petition

3rd

No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

2nd

right to bear arms

4th

rights of the accused (due process)

* **Protects us from unreasonable search and seizure**
* **Warrants needed in most situations:**
* **Home/office/cellphone**

**USA Freedom Act: bans bulk collection of telecommunication metadata (from Patriot Act)**

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exclusionary rule: Mapp v Ohio

**5th**

**Protections for the accused (due process)**

* **Grand jury hearing  (serious crimes)**
* **Double Jeopardy**
* **Self-Incrimination (miranda rights)**
* **Due process (“life, liberty, property”)**

**Eminent domain (protects property)**

6th

**Rights of persons on trial (due process)**

* **Speedy trial, Public trial**
* **Trial by jury in criminal cases**
* **Knowing the charges**
* **Confronting witnesses**
* **Calling defense witnesses**
* **Right to legal counsel**

giden v wainwright

8th

* Excessive fines and bail
* Cruel and unusual punishment

(Death penalty is a state choice)

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24th

eliminate poll taxes

7th

right to jury

13th

no slavery or involuntary servitude unless as punishment for crime

15th

right to vote can’t be denied based on race or servitude

19th

suffrage for women

23rd

people in DC can vote