Chapter 22 key terms

Key Terms

Panama Canal

man-made waterway across Panama to connect atlantic and pacific oceans

• faster naval movement

symbolizes american imperial power

• they got panama by funding a revolution for Panama to gain independence from Colombia after colombia refused to cooperate

Big Stick Diplomacy

Roosevelt foreign policy

• negotiating peacefully / diplomacy while backed by threat of military force

• used in Latin America and Caribbean (they said they intervened to maintain stability)

Roosevelt Corollary

addition to monroe doctrine by Roosevelt

• US can intervene in Latin America to stabilize region

• gave us power in the western hemisphere

Dollar Diplomacy

Taft policy

• using economic power to influence foreign countries (investing and loans0

• used in Latin America so US has financial leverage over them

Missionary / Moral Diplomacy

Wilson’s policy

• supporting democratic gov

• refusing to recognize tyrants and oppressive regime

used to justify his intervention in Mexico’s revolution

• ex of how he don’t recognize gov in Mexico and all that stuff

Allied Powers

WW1 alliance

• britain, france, Russia

later USA joins

• against central powers

Central Powers

WW1 alliance

• germany, austria-hungary, ottoman empire, bulgaria

fought against allies

U-Boat

german submarines used during ww1 to disrupt allied ships

• also attacked us ships, pushing them into the war

• sinking of Lusitania and Sussex

Sussex Pledge

German promising to stop sinking passenger ships w/o warning

• temporarily prevented US entry into ww1

later violated, pushing US to enter ww1

Zimmerman Note

German sent secret telegram to Mexico

• told them to join central powers

• told them to invade US if they join war

Mexico refused

Angered Americans and caused them to join war

Fourteen Points

Wilson’s plan for post ww1 peace

• self-determination of government

• free trade

• league of nations

most points rejected

• league survived

flaws

• self determination thing too vague

• league is weak

Committee on Public Information (CPI)

US government propaganda agency during ww1

• encouraged support for the war

  • posters, films, speeches, etc

Espionage Act

Law banning spying or interference with the war effort

• used to suppress anti war activists

Sedition Act

Law banning criticism of the government or war policies

• restricted free speech

• targeted groups like socialists and IWW members

Schenk v. United States

1919 Supreme court case

• upholding limits on free speech during wartime

• justified espionage and sedition act convictions

War Industries Board (WIB)

Government agency that coordinated industrial production during ww1

• increased efficiency

• standardized products

IWW (Industrial Workers of the World)

radical labor union advocating worker control of industry

• major target of wartime repression

• Big bill haywood arrested

National War Labor Board

federal agency that mediated labor disputes during ww1

• improved wages, hrs, working conditions

• to prevent strikes

19th amendment

granted women right vote

• wwi’s women’s labor contributions strengthened support

treaty of versailles

1919 peace treaty ending ww1

• harsh penalties on Germany

• US refused to ratify due to league of nation concerns

League of Nations

international peacekeeping organization created after ww1

• flawed because no way of enforcing the peace and its decisions

• US didn’t even join

• Wilson’s idea (14 pts)

Irreconcilables

Groups of US senators who refused to support treaty of versailles

• helped prevent us membership in League of Nations