Studied by 7 people
Implicit personality theory
a theory that states that people tend to associate traits and behaviors in others, and that people have the tendency to attribute their own beliefs, opinions and ideas onto others
Halo effect
a cognitive bias in which judgements of an individual’s character can be affected by the overall impression of the individual.
Fundamental attribution error
the general bias toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational attributions when analyzing another person’s behavior
inclusive fitness
a measure of reproductive success; depends on the number of offspring an individual has, how well they support their offspring, and how well their offspring can support others
Self-disclosure
an aspect of interpersonal attraction or impression management in which one shares his or her fears, thoughts, and goals with another person in the hopes of being met with empathy and nonjudgment
Cultural relativism
the recognition that social groups and cultures must be studied on their own terms to be understood
Correspondent inference theory
a theory that states that people pay closer attention to intentional behavior than accidental behavior when making attributions, especially if the behavior is unexpected
Attribute substitution
A phenomenon observed when individuals must make judgments that are complex but instead substitute a simpler solution or perception
Altruism
a form of helping behavior in which the intent is to benefit someone else at a cost to oneself
Nonmaleficence
The ethical tenet that a physician has responsibility to avoid interventions in which the potential for harm outweighs the potential for benefit
situational attributions
assign the cause of a person’s action to external factors
Dispositional attributions
assign the cause of person’s action to internal factors
Positive results
are more likely to attributed to disposition (internal) factors
negative results
are more likely to be attributed to situational (external) factors
Major depressive disorder
contains at least one major depressive episode
Persistent depressive disorder (dysmythia)
the presence of depressive symptoms for at least two years that do not meet criteria for major depressive disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
describes periods of manic depressive symptoms that are not severe enough to be labeled an episode. These symptoms must persist for at least 2 years and be present the majority of the time
selective mutism
disorder is the impairment of speech in situations where speaking is expected
Agoraphobia
is a fear of places or situations where it is hard for an individual to escape
Somatic symptom disorder
involves at least one somatic symptom , which may or may not be linked to an underlying medical condition, that causes disproportionate concern
Schizotypal PD
involves ideas of reference, magical thinking, and eccentricity
Histrionic PD
involves constant attention-seeking behavior
Avoidant PD
involves extreme shyness and fear of rejection
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Flashcard (53)