Microscopic Anatomy of the Periodontium

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the microscopic anatomy of the periodontium as discussed in the lecture notes.

Histology

Study of microscopic features of tissues.

Extracellular Matrix

Mesh-like network surrounding cells that physically supports cells within tissue.

Keratinization

Process by which surface epithelial cells become stronger and waterproof.

Avascular

Lacking blood vessels; epithelial cells receive oxygen and nourishment through diffusion.

Basal Lamina

Thin mat of extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells that supports the overlying epithelium.

Desmosomes

Cell junctions that create connections between neighboring cells in the gingival epithelium.

Hemidesmosomes

Connections between epithelial cells and the basal lamina.

Sulcular Epithelium

Epithelial lining of gingival sulcus that is thin, nonkeratinized, and forms a smooth interface with connective tissue.

Junctional Epithelium

Forms the base of the sulcus and attaches gingiva to the tooth; key entry point for bacteria.

Gingival Connective Tissue

Provides solidity to gingiva and attaches it to the cementum of the root and alveolar bone.

Supragingival Fiber Bundles

Network of collagen fibers providing structural support and rigidity to gingival tissue.

Periodontal Ligament

Thin sheet of fibrous connective tissue surrounding roots of teeth that anchors them to the socket.

Principal Fiber Groups

The major fiber groups of the periodontal ligament, including alveolar crest fibers and apical fibers.

Cementum

Mineralized tissue covering tooth roots, involved in attachment and maintenance of teeth.

Acellular Cementum

Primary type of cementum that does not contain cells.

Cellular Cementum

Secondary type of cementum that contains cells.

Alveolar Bone

Part of the maxilla and mandible that forms and supports the sockets of teeth.