FFA meat judging legislation and history

when were the first longhorn cattle brought to the americas by the Spanards?

1490

when was the meat inspection act enacted on?

june 30, 1906

what is the purpose of the meant inspection act?

to prevent the adulteration and misbranding of meat products

what prompted the creation of the meat inspection act?

by the publishing of “the Jungle” by Upton Sinclair

what did the book the Jungle expose?

The conditions of immigrants working in the US, and brought attention to conditions in meat processing plants

What were the 4 main impacts of the meat inspection act?

1. antemortem inspection of all livestock before slaughter

2. postmortem inspection of every carcass

3. sanitary conditions in all meat processing facilities

4. authorized the USDA to monitor and inspect all harvesting and processing operations

When was the Pure food and drug act enacted?

June 30, 1906

What did the pure food and drug act do?

provided for federal inspection of all meat products

What did the Pure food and drug act prohibit?

the sale, manufacturing and transportation of adulterated food products

What did the Pure food and drug act pave the way for?

the creation of the Food and Drug Administration (FDS)

When was the packers and stockyards act?

Enacted on june 15, 1921

What did the Packers and stockyards act do?

it gave the secretary of agriculture and the USDA authorization to regulate livestock marketing and meat packing (monitoring of scales and brands)

When was the packers and stockyards act amended (5 times)?

1958, 1976, 1987, 2000, and 2002

When was the humane slaughter act enacted?

was originally passed in 1958

What animals did the humane slaughter act apply do?

Was required for animals whose meat would be sold to federal agencies and applied only for only cattle, horses, mules, sheep and swine

when was the Humane slaughter act amended?

1978

Who is the Humane slaughter act enforced by?

Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)

When was the meat inspection act passed?

1906

What was the name of the act that amended the Meat inspection Act?

The Wholesome Meat Act

What were the two things that the wholesome meat act require?

1. state inspection of processing facilities to equal or exceed federal inspection standards

2. a federal, USDA or state inspection mark (on the can, package or primal cuts of meat

what does the wholesome meat act assures?

it assures that meat is from healthy animals, harvested and processed under sanitary conditions.

What does the federal or state inspection mark indicate?

wholesomeness and safety, not quality

When was the uniform retail meat identity standards implemented by the meats industry?

1973

What does the uniform retail meat identity standards do?

establishes a single, specific name for each basic retail cut

What was an effect of the Uniform retail meat identity standards?

increased the amount of information found on the label of a meat package

what type of program is the Uniform Retail Meat identity Standards?

Voluntary

When was the humane Methods of slaughter act passed?

1978

What act amended the humane slaughter act?

The Humane METHODS of slaughter act.

What does the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act outline?

Handling, stunning and harvesting procedures

What are the approved stunning methods according to the humane methods of slaughter act?

Captive bolt stunner, electric shock, carbon dioxide gas

What were the two exceptions for religious slaughtering practices?

1. Hala: method of slaughter, meat processing and handling according to Islamic dietary laws in accordance with the Quran

2. Kosher: method of slaughter, meat processing and handling according to Jewish dietary laws in accordance with the Torah

What is Hala Arabic for?

Permitted or lawful

What is Kosher Hebrew for?

Properly prepared

What is HACCP most commonly referred to?

The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point Approach to Food Safety

When was the HACCP first implemented?

it was first implemented in the 1950s by the Pillsbury Company in the Manufacturing of food for NASA

What does the HACCP do?

it identifies possible sources of food adulteration during processing

What processing facilities does the HACCP apply to?

in all federal and state inspected meat and food processing facilities in the US

When was the Nutritional labeling and education Act passed

1990

What does the nutritional labeling and Education Act do?

it requires nutritional information labels on all food products except single ingredient foods, such as fresh meat (nutritional labels were voluntary until 1990)

What does the nutritional Labeling and education Act require 

1. serving size

2. Number of servings per container

3. number of calories per serving

4. number of calories from total fat and saturated fat

5. amount of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrate, complex carbohydrates, sugars, total proteins and dietary fiber per serving

6. vitamins, minerals or other nutrients

When was the Nutritional Labeling and education act amended to require the nutritional labeling of single ingredient meat products?

2011 (began in January 2012)

When was the first Escherichia coli 0157:H7 outbreak?

1993

Where was the first Escherichia coli 0157:H7 traced to?

it is traced to ground beef from the major fast food chain, Jack in the Box

What did the USDA do in response to the Escherichia coli 0157:H7 outbreak

the USDA requires meat processors to test for this pathogen and considers it an adulterant in ground beef

When did the FSIS release the Safe Food Handling label which was required on all raw meat products

1994

When did the FDA modernization Act implement the broadest changes to the foods industry since 1938

1997

When did the FDA require nutrition labels to include trans-fat content

2002

When did the USDA announce plans to require mandatory testing for six more serogroups of E. coli in addition to 0157:H7 including: O26,O103,O45,O111,O121,O145?

2011