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Bio 11.1 voeding en vertering
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23 Terms
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1
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voedingswaarde
hoeveelheid voedingsstoffen in voedingsmiddel
2
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6 groepen voedingsstoffen
koolhydraten, vetten, eiwitten, vitaminen, mineralen, water
3
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macronutriënten
heb je veel van nodig - eiwitten, koolhydraten, vetten, water
4
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micronutriënten
heb je niet zo veel van nodig - vitaminen, mineralen
5
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mechanische vertering
kauwen, vergroot oppervlak
6
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chemische vertering
afbreken dmv enzymen
7
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substraat
molecuul dat oor een enzym wordt omgezet in een ander molecuul
8
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hydrolyse
splitsing dmv water
9
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condensatie
bij splitsing komt water vrij
10
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amylase
start afbraak koolhydraten
11
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lysozymen
in speeksel, tast celwand micro-organismen aan
12
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voedingsvezels/ ballaststoffen
slecht/niet verteerbaar, stimuleren darmperistaltiek
13
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te weinig voedingsvezels
verstoppingen
14
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microvili
cytoplasma uitsteeksels
15
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hier bestaan darmvlokken uit
darmepitheel, haarvaten, lymfevaten
16
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pepsine
breekt eiwitten af
17
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pylorus
maagspier/poort
18
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twaalfvingerige darm/duodenum
verbindingsstuk tussen maag en dunne darm
19
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alvleessap
breekt koolhydraten af, neutraliseert maagzuur
20
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dikke darm
absorptie
21
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blinde darm
reservoir voor bacteriën
22
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endeldarm
opslag voor ontlasting
23
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anus
kringspier
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