B1.2 Proteins

Function of ribosomes

Synthesis of polypeptides

What are the two functional groups on an amino acid?

Amine and carboxylic acid

How are dipeptides formed?

Condensation reaction between amino acids

What are the two types of structures in the secondary structure of proteins?

alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet

How are secondary structures of proteins held together?

Hydrogen bonds between the amine and carboxylic acid groups

Interactions in the tertiary structure of proteins

Ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, and hydrophobic interactions

Where do ionic bonds in tertiary structure occur?

Between charged R-groups

Where do hydrogen bonds in tertiary structure occur?

Between polar R-groups

Where do disulfide bridges in tertiary structure occur?

Between cysteines

Where do hydrophobic interactions in tertiary structure occur?

Between non-polar R-groups

Conjugated protein

Contains other non-polypeptide subunits

Non-conjugated protein

Contains only polypeptide subunits