Organic Chemistry Reactions and Reagents

Vocabulary flashcards for organic chemistry reactions and reagents.

Nitration of Benzene

HNO₃ and H₂SO₄

Sulfonation of Benzene

Benzenesulfonic acid (Ar–SO₃H)

Electrophile in Bromination of Benzene

Br⁺ (formed by Br₂ + FeBr₃)

AlCl₃ and an acyl chloride

Friedel–Crafts acylation

Aniline to a Diazonium Salt

NaNO₂ and HCl at 0 °C

Hydroboration–oxidation of an Alkene

Anti-Markovnikov alcohol

Reduces Aldehydes and Ketones to Alcohols

NaBH₄ or LiAlH₄

Reduces Esters to 1° Alcohols

LiAlH₄

Oxidizes a 1° Alcohol to an Aldehyde

PCC

Grignard Reagent + Ketone

Tertiary alcohol

Aldehyde + HCN

Cyanohydrin

Ketone reacts with a Primary Amine

Imine

Acetal Formation

Alcohol and acid catalyst

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Chloride

SOCl₂

Amide from an Acid Chloride

React with NH₃ or a 1°/2° amine

Aldol Condensation Product

α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl

Reagents of the Gabriel Synthesis

Phthalimide, base, and alkyl halide

What's lost in the Hofmann Rearrangement?

One carbon (CO₂)

Peak at ~1700 cm⁻¹ in IR

C=O stretch

M⁺ Peak in Mass Spectrometry

Molecular weight