Reproduction & Genitourinary and Respiratory

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31 Terms

1
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Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of sperm?

Testosterone

2
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Which hormone triggers ovulation?

Luteinising hormone

3
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list 4 bacterial infections spread through sexual intercourse

chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and bacterial vaginosis (BV).

4
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what hormone helps prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation?

progesterone

5
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Which hormone stimulates the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to release more hormones to encourage egg development?

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

6
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Which hormone is released when the corpus luteum breaks down?

The corpus luteum will break down around 10 days after ovulation releasing progesterone.

7
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Does the secretion of progesterone decreases during pregnancy?

No it increases

8
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Located at the back of the testis, this is where sperm is stored.

Epididymis

9
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male reproductive glands that produce the hormone testosterone and sperm.

Testes (singular = testis)

10
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Which gland is regulated by testosterone, produce the fluid which combines with sperm to make semen, which is then ejaculated during sexual arousal. 

Prostate gland

11
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Which Tube which transports urine and semen to outside the body?

Urethra

12
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Which hormone feeds back to the hypothalamus and pituitary to switch off LH production in a negative feedback loop?

Testosterone

13
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What are responsible for the production of ova and oestrogen and progesterone?

Ovaries

14
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What does the vesicular follicle become?

corpus luteum

15
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Which drugs treat PCOS?

*Clomifene (anti-oestrogen) *Metformin (effects on insulin) *Cyproterone, Finasteride & Dianette (treat hirsuitism - anti-androgen) *Chorionic Gonadotrophins, follitropin alfa, menotrophin.
(To stimulate ovulation)

16
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Which drugs treat Endometriosis?

NSAIDs - ibuprofen, naproxen, mefanamic acid

Paracetamol

Combined oral and progesterone only contraceptives

Danazol - reduces the levels of FSH and LH, therefore reducing oestrogen levels.

17
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Treatments for male infertility

testosterone levels can be replaced with oral capsules, transdermal gel, intramuscular injection or implant.

18
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Treatments for infertility

Gonadorelin analogues (Goserelin, Buserelin) mimic Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) :- pituitary gland releases LH and FSH :- oestrogen levels go up :- starts ovulation.

19
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Which hormone decreases during pregnancy ?

Oestrogen

20
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Which hormone increases during pregnancy ?

Progesterone

21
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What is the most common synthetic oestrogen in COC’s?

ethinylestradiol

22
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What are the common synthetic progestogens in COC’s?

Drospirenone , Gestodene , Levonorgestrel, Desogestrel

23
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COCs maintain high amounts of oestrogen which does what to prevent pregnancy?

suppress ovulation preventing an egg being released from the ovaries.

24
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Why do COCs thicken the mucus in the neck of the uterus?

So that it is harder for sperm to penetrate the uterus and reach an egg .

25
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Why do COCs thin the lining of the uterus?

So there is less chance of a fertilised egg implanting into the uterus.

26
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Who is the COC not suitable for?

Patients over 35 who smoke

Patients with high blood pressure

27
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When is the COC pill considered to be 'missed' ?

If taken more than 24 hours after it was supposed to be taken.

28
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What if you miss a COC pill?

Take the missed pill immediately and then take the next pill at the usual time (this may mean taking 2 pills together).

29
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What if you miss 2 or more COC pills?

Take a pill immediately and then take remaining pills as normal - but abstain from sex or use extra precautions such as condoms for next 7 days.

30
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The POP that suppresses ovulation is?

Desogestrel is a prodrug of the active progestogen. It is metabolised in the intestines and liver to etonogestrel. 

31
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POP are better for who?

Suitable for patients over 35 who smoke

Suitable for breastfeeding mothers

No 7 day break, so less complicated