family studies revision

topics that need more work or i have trouble remembering

authoritative/democratic parenting + example

involves a child-centric approach in which parents hold high expectations for their children, backed by guidance and support.

parent:

• has control but gives choices

• supports child’s decision

• discusses choices and gives reasoning behind them

child

• becomes good decision makers

• independent

• willing to seek help when needed

identity

refers to who we area s individuals and as members of social groups. our identities are not simple our own creation: identities grow in response to both internal and external factors

growth

physical changes that occur within our body (e.g. height, weight voice-changing, hair growth)

development

progress that occurs when skills are coordinated into complex behaviours (e.g. playing sports, creating music, making crafts)

frontal lobe/smart brain (function + example)

responsible for higher functioning and deep thinking (communication processing, critical thinking, problem solving)

brain stem/survival brain (function + example)

part of your brain responsible for keeping you alive (controls heart rate, breath, body temp., sleep/wake cycle, movement)

limbic system/amygdala/emotional brain

part of your brain responsible for regulating your emotions (releases adrenaline)

the social exchange theory (definition + formula)

rewards - costs = profit

our choices in relationships are based on maximizing our rewards and minimizing our costs

three types of external conflict + examples

1. power struggle - ability to have influence/control over people (e.g. curfew, or forced to clean room)

2. personality differences - each person has a unique personality that are not always compatible (e.g. roommates(

3. situational conflicts - the stronger the connection usually means the stronger the conflict. can be very intense but often short-lasting (e.g. parents are mad that you got home past curfew for a couple hours)

I-Message

• “i feel” - state your emotion

• “when”- to state the specific behaviors

• “because” - state the effect of the behaviour on you

• “i need” - state what you would like to see happen

encoding

means the creation of messages which you want to communicate with another person through the use of words, gestures, images and symbols

validating type of communication

paraphrase or summarizing what a speaker is saying to show that you are listening (e.g. “what i am hearing is that you are feeling frustrated”)

critical listening

the purpose is to accept or reject a message or to evaluate it critically (e.g. listening to a salesperson before purchasing something)

three steps to financial freedom

1. know your flow

2. control you debt

3. invest your money

pay stub

piece of paper accompanying each paycheque that lists gross pay, withholdings, deductions and net pay.

debt

something, usually owed to another person or party

loan

a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest

general rules of the family studies kitchen

• clean up spills immediately

• report accidents to teacher immediately

• use natural cleaning products like baking soda, vinegar, hydrogen peroxide, rather than chemical products like bleach

• if you are caught by a flame: STOP, DROP AND ROLL

what to do before beginning in the kitchen

1. tie your hair back

2. secure loose clothing

3. put on aprons

4. clean hands (15+ sec)

steps to kitchen sanitation

1. scrape excess food off of dishes

2. lightly rinse dishes with water

3. stack dishes with like dishes

4. fill two sinks (1) soapy hot water (2) warm water

5. wash dishes

   1. glasses

   2. cutlery

   3. plates

   4. sharp knives

   5. pots and pans

6. remove particles from strainer

7. clean sink with rag

8. sweep floor and dispose of garbage

how to handle kitchen tools: appliances

• remove appliance from outlet by plug, not cord

• disconnect plug from outlet, then appliance

• remove food from appliance after it’s unplugged

how to handle kitchen tools: can opener

• remove lid completely with a utensil NOT bare hands

• clean top of your can

• safely remove food

• rinse and recycle can

how to handle kitchen tools: stove

• hair must be tied back

• ensure pots/pans are right size for element

• pots should only be filled 2/3 high

• cook fats at medium heat

• hot foods require wooden utensils

• hot pots and pans should be put on a cork or pad to rest until they cool

how to handle kitchen tools: microwave

• no metals in microwave

• do not turn on microwave without something in it

• overcooking can cause fires

• remove plastic and twist ties

treating burns and scalds

• run under cold water immediately

• never use ice

• never apply lotions/ointments

• do not use butter or toothpaste

• remove jewelry in case of swelling

whisk (describe + steps)

to combine ingredients, especially semi-liquids. it incorporates air, creating a smooth and uniform mixture

1. place ingredients in bowl

2. hold whisk handle and move vigorously in a circular, back-and-forth motion to blend ingredients

3. continue mixing until lumps are gone

sift (describe + steps)

sifting removes lumps, aerates dry ingredients and ensures even distribution

1. use a fine mesh sieve

2. place dry ingredients into sieve

3. gently tap or shake sieve to sift ingredient into bowl

4. measure the sifted amount as specified in recipe

purl (describe + steps)

essential for creating various stitch patterns in knitting and is the opposite of the knit stitch

1. ensure working yarn in front of right needle

2. insert right needle into stitch from top to bottom

3. wrap yarn around right needle from front to back

4. pull loop under and through the stitch

5. slide stitch off left needle

knit stitch (describe + steps)

knit stitch is a fundamental and creates a “v” shape on the fabric

1. insert right needle from left to right (bottom to top)

2. wrap yarn around right needle from back to front

3. pull loop through the stitch and slide it off the left needle

running stitch

basic hand-sewing stitch for joining fabric layers or creating seams

1. thread a needle and knot the end

2. insert needle from wrong side to right side

3. bring needle back down through fabric, creating evenly spaced stitches

backwards stitch

back-stitch reinforces seams, repairs tears and attaches patches

1. insert the needle from the wrong side to the right side

2. go back a stitch length and bring the needle up again

3. repeat; creating a continuous line of stitches