A.C. 1.2 - Describe the organizations of the criminal justice systems in England + Wales

what can we divide the CJS into?

• police

• parliament

• prisons + probation

• the courts

who are the main agencies involved for law creation

• Parliament passes act

• Judges creates law

the 2 governing department oversee justice system

• Ministry of Justice

• Home Office

role of police

enforcing the criminal law

• investigate crimes, collect evidence, detain or question suspects

• send files to CPS to decide whether to prosecute

CPS

an independent prosecution service that deals with cases

role of CPS

• advise police in investigation on evidence + inquiries

• assess evidence police submit and decide whether to prosecute

• prepares and presents prosecution case in court

HM courts and Tribunals Service

responsible for administrations of courts + tribunals

2 types of court

• magistrates- deal with less serious cases

• crown - deals with serious cases, tried by either judge or jury

role of courts

• once charged, brought before magistrates court and will plead guilty or not guilty.

• guilty plea lead to sentencing and not guilty will result in trial

• prosecution and defense state arguments with evidence

• jury or magistrates decide verdict and punishment

HM prison and Probation service

carries out the sentence given to offenders by court + rehabilitate offenders to prevent reoffending

role of HM prison service

supervises offenders in custody

the National Probation Service

• supervises offenders who are serving sentences, including those on bail

police have relationships with:

• COURTS: give evidence as prosecution, holding defendant in cell, transporting defendants

• CPS: providing evidence for prosecution, charging offenders in line with CPS

• HM Prison + Probation Services: arrest prisoners those who breach bail, police cooperate with prisons to find child sex offenders in area

• VOLUNATARY ORGANISATION- refers victims + witnesses for support

The CPS has relationships with:

• THE POLICE: advising on possible lines of enquiry and evidence collection to build case

• THE COURTS: preparing and presenting the prosecution case against offenders, preparing appeal

Government departments have relationships with:

• THE POLICE: where the Home Office is the department responsible (setting national policing priorities)

• THE COURTS, PRISON SERVICE AND PROBATION SERVICE

HM Courts + Tribunals Service has relationship with…..

• THE COURTS + JUDGES: supervising the efficient running of the courts system + funding the individual courts

• HM Prison Service: holding prisoners attending courts, arranging video recording for prisoners giving evidence

National Probation Service has relationships with:

• HM prison service + parole board - supervising prisoners on license or relased

• THE COURTS: preparing presentencing reports, supervising offenders on community sentence

HM Prison Service has relationships with :

• THE COURTS: hold prisoners attending court, facilitating meeting with defence lawyers to clients in prisons

• THE POLICE: hold prisoners after arrest + transport them to prison. facilitate police interviews with prisoners for investigation

• THE NATIONAL PROBATION SERVICE: prepare prisoners for smooth transition to society

• CHARITIES

• JUDGES: decide sentences