Studied by 2 peopleConvergent Boundary
The boundary between two colliding plates - coming toward each other
Subduction
where an oceanic plate sinks down at a convergent boundary, between continental and oceanic plates.
Divergent Boundary
Where two plates are moving apart, magma comes up to create new crust called a rift valley.
Mid-Ocean Ridge
The highest part of a chain of underwater mountains.
Trench
A surface feature in the seafloor produced by the descending plate during subduction.
Rift
A deep crack in the Earth's surface associated with divergent boundary.
Lithosphere
The solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle.
Asthenosphere
The soft layer of the middle mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Convection Currents
Circular currents in the mantle caused by the magma being heated by the core of the Earth (hot less dense magma rises and cold more dense magma sinks).
Theory of Continental Drift
Proposed by Alfred Wegener, that the continents were once joined together and have since drifted apart.
Theory of Plate Tectonics
The theory that the lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere.
Mountain Range
Formed by two continental plates colliding and forcing each other upwards.
Transform boundary
Plates that slide past each other; causes earthquakes
Pangaea
Supercontinent was believed to exist 200 million years ago
Wegener
German scientist who hypothesized continental drift.
Seafloor Spreading
Creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges
Continental-Continental Convergence
Happens where 2 continental plates of the same density collide and push up creating mountain ranges
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence
Older more dense plate is subducted. Deep trenches and volcanic island arcs are generated.
Continental-Oceanic Convergence
Oceanic crust goes under the continental crust because it is more dense. This creates a subduction zone, deep ocean trenches, and an arc of volcanic mountains.
Continental Drift
The gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface over time
Fossil
The remains of a prehistoric plant/animal embedded in rock
Asthenosphere
Weaker layer beneath the lithosphere which is semi-molten rheid
Crust
The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle and 0-100km thick
Inner core
Hot, dense centre inside the earth that is mostly iron and 1250 km thick
Lithosphere
The rigid outer part of the earth including the crust and upper mantle.
Mantle
The layer of hot, mostly solid material between Earth's crust and core.
Outer Core
Borders the mantle, made of liquid iron and nickel and 2200km thick
Tectonic Plates
Large irregularly shaped slabs of rock on the earth's surface
Plate boundary
Where 2 tectonic plates meet
Urban Area
A built up area with a high population density such as a town or city
Urbanisation
The increase in the amount of people living in towns and cities
Counter-urbanisation
The increase in the amount of people moving from an urban area to rural areas
Suburbanisation
Where the settlements on the outskirts of a city grow outwards due to the increase of houses and services to accommodate more people
Land use
The function of the land
Land use model
A theoretical representation to explain how an urban area grows
Index
A calculation which combines multiple factors together to give a single result
Quality of life
The extent to which people's needs and desires are met and the general well-being of individuals and societies
Deprivation
The degree to which individuals or an area lack services and amenities
Urban decline
deterioration of the inner city caused by lack of investment and maintenance
Derelict
in very poor condition as a result of neglect
Types of plate boundaries
Divergent, Convergent, Transform
A break in the Earth's crust which occurs along plate boundaries?
Fault
Note 
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