Mendelian Inheritance

study all terms for exam

genotype

combination of two alleles for a gene, genetic makeup

phenotype

observable traits of organism

gene

characteristic

allele

trait/factor

truebreeding plant

• homozygous genotype that only produces one type of gamete

• both dominant (PP) or recessive (pp)

homozygous

two of same alleles

heterozygous

one of each allele

P generation

parental generation

F1 generation

first generation of offspring

F2 generation

second generation of offspring

monohybrid cross

one gene crossed

dihybrid cross

two genes crossed

test cross

dominant organism and recessive organism crossed

phenotypic ratio of dihybrid heterozygous crossed

9:3:3:1

Mendel’s Three Laws

Law of Dominance, Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment

Law of Dominance

in heterozygotes, one trait will conceal the presence of another for the same characteristic

Law of Segregation

two alleles for a gene segregate during meiosis

Law of Independent Assortment

genes that segregate independently in meiosis do not influence each other’s inheritance