History of Microbiology- MICROBIO OBJECTIVES

Janssen

1590- made first microscope but was not credited because he was in jail

Van Leeuwenhoek

1683- Father of Microbio 

Animalcules

Royal Society of London

Francesco Redi

1668- Started the Great Debate (all life from life argument)

Fly maggot studies

Omne vivum ex vivo

All Life from Life

John Needham

1749- Believed in spontaneous generation

Experimented with cooked meat from which life arose

Lazzaro Spallanzani

1768- Reproduced Needhams experiments, but with sealed flasks

Schroder and Von Dusch

1850- reproduced Needhams experiments, filtering air through cotton plug

John Tyndall

1870- Dust-free box experiments

Louis Pasteur 

1862- “Gooseneck-Flask” Ended the Great Debate

Germ Theory of Fermentation

Germ Theory of Disease

treated joseph meister for rabies

Roger Bacon

1240- Said disease is caused by “invisible” beings

Girolamo Francastoro

1546- Said disease is caused by spores

Anton Von Plenciz

1762- Said disease is caused by very specific “germs”

Oliver Wendell Holmes

1843- disease spread by midwives (STD’s)

Ignaz Semmelweis

1840- Reduced infections in obsetrical procedures “antiseptic”

Robert Koch

1870-bacteria are agents of infection

Postulates

Edward Jenner

1796- Father of Immunology

Discovered Smallpox Vaccine 

Elie Metchnikoff

observed phagocytosis being performed by leukocytes

Joseph Lister

1865- Carbolic acid as antiseptic for surgeries

Paul Ehrlich

1909- Chemotherapeutic agents

Salvarsan used to treat Syphilis

Gerhard Domagk

1930- Introducted Sulfonamides (Sulfa Drugs)

Alexander Fleming

1929- Introduced beta-lactams (Penicillin)

Dmitri Ivanoswky

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Schleiden and Schwann

1839- Came up with cell theory

Omnis Cellula e Cellula

Cells come from cells

Rudolf Virchow

1855- Said cells come from cells (Omnis cellula e cellula)

Charles Darwin

1859- Evolution theory

Microbiology definition

study of living organisms of microscopic size (generally organisms <1mm=microorganism

consists of 5 groups: bacteria, protozoa, viruses, algae, and fungi

State Koch’s Postulates

Presence of the microoraganism in diseased individulas

Isolation and culture of the microorganism 

Reproduction of the disease in healthy animals 

Re-isolation of the microorganism from the inoculated animals

Common characteristics of all living organisms

Ability to reporoduce

metabolism

ability to get rid of waste

irritability

mutability