PRIME'S ELEMENTS IN PIPE : CHAPTER 9 HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT

In turbine installation, the air is removed from the condenser by _________.

A. Air pump

B. Air injector

C. Air ejector

D. Air jet

C. Air ejector

The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid loop is to:

A. Add energy to the flow

B. Add mass to the flow

C. Extract energy from the flow

D. None of the above

C. Extract energy from the flow

A vena contracta in a fluid jet issuing through a hole in a plate is located approximately:

A. 10 diameters downstream of the hole

B. At jets minimum diameter

C. At the orifice minimum diameter

D. At the orifice maximum diameter

B. At jets minimum diameter

The following are all examples of indirect (secondary) miscellaneous methods to measure flow except:

A. Turbine and propeller meters

B. Magnetic flow meters

C. Positive displacement meters

D. Hot - wire anemometers

C. Positive displacement meters

One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity of all of the following cases except:

A. Pumps

B. Fans

C. Turbines

D. Weirs

D. Weirs

One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity of all of the following cases except:

A. Surface ships

B. Surface wave motion

C. Flow over weirs

D. Closed - pipe turbulent flow

D. Closed - pipe turbulent flow

One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:

A. Motion of a fluid jet

B. Flow over spillways

C. Surge and flood waves

D. Subsonic airfoils

D. Subsonic airfoils

In fluid flow, linear momentum is:

A. A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

B. A scalar quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

C. A scalar quantity equal to the product of force and length of time is applied

D. The change in impulse

A. A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

All of the following fluid phenomena are based on the force momentum principle of a flowing fluid except:

A. Turbines

B. Pelton wheel

C. Diesel automobile engines

D. Jet engines

C. Diesel automobile engines

The fact that a fluid's velocity increases as the cross-sectional area of the pipe through which it flows decreases is due to:

A. Bernoulli's equation

B. The continuity equation

C. The momentum equation

D. The perfect gas law

B. The continuity equation

In the absence of any heat work interactions and any changes in potential energy, the stagnation enthalpy of a fluid remains constant during ________.

A. Unsteady flow

B. Steady flow

C. Turbulent flow

D. Variable flow

B. Steady flow

When a falling object reaches a speed at which the drag force equals its weight, it has achieved:

A. Mach one

B. A laminar boundary layer

C. A turbulent boundary layer

D. Terminal velocity

D. Terminal velocity

The coefficient of contraction is the ratio of the:

A. Area of vena contracta

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

C. Actual velocity to the theoretical velocity

D. Effective head to the actual head

A. Area of vena contracta

The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of the:

A. Area of vena contracta to the orifice area

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

C. Actual velocity to the theoretical velocity

D. Effective head to the actual head

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

The coefficient of velocity is equal to the:

A. Product of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

B. Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity

C. Sum of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

D. Difference of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

B. Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity

Which of the following is not a similarity between a submerged culvert and a siphon?

A. They both operate full

B. Torricelli's equation holds

C. Both can experience entrance and exit losses

D. In both, the water flows downhill

B. Torricelli's equation holds

In a parallel pipe system originating and terminating in common junctions:

A. Mass flows through each branch are equal

B. Pressure drops through each branch are equal

C. Lengths of each branch are equal

D. Flow areas of each branch are equal

B. Pressure drops through each branch are equal

Flow through a multi-loop system may be computed by:

A. Any closed-form solution of simultaneous equations

B. The Hardy-Cross method

C. Trial and error

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Venturi meters

B. Static pressure probes

C. Turbine and propeller meters

D. Magnetic dynamometers

D. Magnetic dynamometers

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Orifice plate meters

B. Hot-wire anemometers

C. Magnetic flow meters

D. Mercury barometers

D. Mercury barometers

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Flow nozzles

B. Venturi area meters

C. Pilot tubes

D. Precision tachometers

D. Precision tachometers

The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements of flow rates using obstruction meters except:

A. Variable area meters

B. Venturi meters

C. Volume tanks

D. Flow nozzles

C. Volume tanks

The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements of flow rates using obstruction meters except:

A. Pilot static meters

B. Static pressure probes

C. Weight and mass scales

D. Direction-sensing probes

C. Weight and mass scales

In series pipe systems, all of the following parameters vary from section except:

A. Pressure drop

B. Friction loss

C. Head loss

D. Mass flow

D. Mass flow

Venturi meter, pilot static gauges, orifice meters, flow nozzles, and differential manometers all depend upon the relationship between:

A. Flow velocity and friction

B. Flow velocity and pressure

C. Friction and pressure

D. Pressure and mass flow

B. Flow velocity and pressure

The combination of enthalpy and kinetic energy of fluid is termed as:

A. Latent enthalpy

B. Heat enthalpy

C. Throttling enthalpy

D. Stagnation enthalpy

D. Stagnation enthalpy

The coefficient of velocity, Cᵥ accounts for the:

A. Effects on the flow area of contraction, friction, and turbulence

B. Small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice

C. Changes in diameters of a converging pipe

D. Effects of compressibility

B. Small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice

Expansion factors take into account the:

A. Area of the vena contracta

B. Small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice

C. Changes in diameters of a converging pipe

D. Effects of compressibility

D. Effects of compressibility

The matching of scale model and full-scale results for a fluid dynamic phenomena with a free surface requires equality of:

A. Reynolds number

B. Weber number

C. Froude number

D. Cauchy number

C. Froude number

The matching of scale model and full-scale results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving compressibility requires equality of:

A. Reynolds number

B. Froude number

C. Cauchy number

D. Mach number

D. Mach number

The matching of scale model and full-scale prototype results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving surface tension requires equality of:

A. Reynolds number

B. Weber number

C. Froude number

D. Cauchy number

B. Weber number

The matching of scale model and full-scale prototype results for a fluid dynamic phenomena involving a fully submerged body requires equality of:

A. Reynolds number

B. Weber number

C. Froude number

D. Mach number

A. Reynolds number

The water hammer phenomenon is primarily what kind of fluid mechanics?

A. Static (a phenomenon independent of time)

B. Dynamic (a time-dependent phenomenon)

C. Compressible

D. Incompressible

B. Dynamic (a time-dependent phenomenon)

All of the following are forms of drag on a body moving through a fluid except:

A. Skin friction

B. Wake drag

C. Profile drag

D. D'Alembert's paradox drag

D. D'Alembert's paradox drag

The magnitude of the drag coefficient of the sphere in water is dependent upon all of the following except:

A. Fluid density

B. Fluid velocity

C. Units of measure (SI or English Engineering System)

D. Drag force

C. Units of measure (SI or English Engineering System)

The fact that there is no resistance to bodies moving through an ideal (non-viscous) fluid is known as:

A. Reynolds' analogy

B. D'Alembert's paradox

C. Newton's second law

D. The second law of thermodynamics

B. D'Alembert's paradox

One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of the following cases except:

A. Submarines

B. Torpedoes

C. Seaplane hulls

D. Supersonic aircraft

C. Seaplane hulls

The function of a turbine is to:

A. Transfer heat from one fluid to another

B. Increase the total energy content of the flow

C. Extract energy from the flow

D. Exchange heat to increase energy to the flow

C. Extract energy from the flow

Pitot tube is used to measure the:

A. Velocity of mass

B. Velocity of pipe

C. Flow

D. Velocity of flow

D. Velocity of flow

Orifice coefficients are used to determine:

A. Energy losses

B. Energy gains

C. Mass losses

D. Energy losses and mass gains

A. Energy losses

The coefficient of velocity is the ratio of the:

A. Area of vena contracta to the orifice area

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

C. Actual discharge velocity to the theoretical velocity

D. Effective head to the actual head

C. Actual discharge velocity to the theoretical velocity

The volume flow passing through a venturimeter is:

A. Increasing

B. Decreasing

C. Constant

D. Varying

C. Constant

What must be done to change the direction of rotation of a 440-volt, 3-phase induction motor?

A. Reverse lines to start winding

B. Interchange any two power leads

C. Replace any two wires to the rotor

D. Remove any power leads

B. Interchange any two power leads

A draft tube is a part of which plants?

A. Diesel engine power plant

B. Gas turbine power plant

C. Steam power plant

D. Hydro - electric power plant

D. Hydro - electric power plant

In the hydro - electric plant having a medium head and using a Francis turbine, the turbine speed may be regulated through:

A. Deflector gate

B. Nozzle

C. Wicket gate

D. Forebay

C. Wicket gate

A Francis turbine has what flow?

A. Inward flow reaction

B. Outward flow reaction

C. Outward flow reaction

D. Inward flow impulse

A. Inward flow reaction

Which of the following is a type of water turbine?

A. Parson

B. Hero

C. Pelton

D. Banki

C. Pelton

What is the use of a hydraulic jump?

A. Increase the flow rate

B. Reduce the flow rate

C. Reduce the velocity of flow

D. Reduce the energy of flow

D. Reduce the energy of flow

A Kaplan turbine is:

A. A high head mixed flow turbine

B. An inward flow impulse turbine

C. An outward flow reaction turbine

D. Low head axial flow turbine

D. Low head axial flow turbine

The focus of elevation is:

A. Critical point

B. Hydraulic gradient

C. Energy gradient

D. Friction gradient

B. Hydraulic gradient

The focus of elevation is where water will rise in the piezometer tube is termed:

A. Energy gradient

B. Friction head

C. Hydraulic gradient

D. Critical path

C. Hydraulic gradient

The intake pipe to a hydraulic turbine from a dam is:

A. Tailrace

B. Spiral casing

C. Surge tank

D. Penstock

D. Penstock

A type of water turbine where a jet of water is made to fall on the blades or buckets and due to the impulse of water, the turbine starts to move:

A. Pelton wheel

B. Steam turbine

C. Francis turbine

D. Reaction turbine

A. Pelton wheel

The lowest portion of the storage basin from where the water is not drawn is:

A. Bottom storage

B. Sub-soil storage

C. Spring reserve

D. Dead storage

D. Dead storage

In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the:

A. Deflector gate

B. Nozzle

C. Wicket gate

D. Weir

C. Wicket gate

In the deep well installation or operation, the difference between static water level and operating water level is known as _________.

A. Suction lift

B. Drawdown

C. Priming level

D. Clogging

B. Drawdown

Which of the following is a characteristic of an impulse turbine?

A. Steam striking blades on angle

B. No steam reaction to velocity

C. Steam striking blades at zero angle

D. Steam reversing direction

C. Steam striking blades at zero angle

What is the pressure at the exit of a draft tube in a turbine?

A. Below atmospheric

B. Vacuum

C. Atmospheric

D. Gage

C. Atmospheric

An impulse turbine is used for:

A. Low head

B. Medium head

C. High head

D. Very low head

C. High head

Which of the following is used as a high head turbine?

A. Impulse

B. Francis

C. Reaction

D. Propeller

A. Impulse

In a pumped storage plant:

A. Power is produced by pumps

B. Water is stored by pumping to high pressure

C. Pressure accumulators are used

D. Downstream water is pumped upstream during offload periods

D. Downstream water is pumped upstream during offload periods

What is the pressure at the exit of a draft in a turbine?

A. Below atmospheric

B. Vacuum

C. Atmospheric

D. Gage

C. Atmospheric

An impulse turbine has:

A. Low head

B. Medium head

C. High head

D. Very low head

C. High head

High head turbine is a/an:

A. Impulse

B. Francis

C. Reaction

D. Propeller

A. Impulse

The lowest portion of the storage basin from where the water is not drawn is:

A. Bottom storage

B. Sub-soil storage

C. Spring storage

D. Dead storage

D. Dead storage

In a hydro-electric plant using a Francis turbine with medium head, the speed can be regulated using the:

A. Deflector gate

B. Nozzle

C. Wicket gate

D. Weir

C. Wicket gate

In the deep well installation or operation, the difference between static water level and operating water level is called _________.

A. Suction lift

B. Drawdown

C. Priming

D. Clogging

B. Drawdown

Which of the following is a characteristic of an impulse turbine?

A. Steam striking blades on angle

B. No steam reaction to velocity

C. Steam striking blades at zero angle

D. Steam reversing direction

C. Steam striking blades at zero angle

A type of water turbine where a jet of water is made to fall on the blades or buckets and due to the impulse of water, the turbine starts to move:

A. Pelton wheel

B. Steam turbine

C. Francis turbine

D. Reaction turbine

A. Pelton wheel

The intake pipe to a hydraulic turbine from a dam is:

A. Tailrace

B. Spiral casing

C. Surge tank

D. Penstock

D. Penstock

In the hydro - electric plant having a medium head and using a Francis turbine, the turbine speed may be regulated through:

A. Deflector gate

B. Nozzle

C. Wicket gate

D. Forebay

C. Wicket gate

A Francis turbine has what flow?

A. Inward flow reaction

B. Outward flow impulse

C. Outward flow reaction

D. Inward flow impulse

A. Inward flow reaction

Which of the following is a type of water turbine?

A. Parson

B. Hero

C. Pelton

D. Banki

C. Pelton

Hydraulic jump is used to:

A. Increase the flow rate

B. Reduce the flow rate

C. Reduce the velocity of flow

D. Reduce the energy of flow

D. Reduce the energy of flow

Past ME Board Question

A Kaplan turbine is:

A. A high head mixed flow turbine

B. An inward flow impulse turbine

C. An outward flow reaction turbine

D. Low head axial flow turbine

D. Low head axial flow turbine

Past ME Board Question

The focus of elevation is:

A. Critical point

B. Hydraulic gradient

C. Energy gradient

B. Hydraulic gradient

Past ME Board Question

The locus of elevation to which water will rise in the piezometer tube is termed:

A. Energy gradient

B. Friction head

C. Hydraulic gradient

D. Critical path

C. Hydraulic gradient

In turbine installation, the air is removed from the condenser by:

A. Air pump

B. Air injector

C. Air ejector

D. Air jet

C. Air ejector

The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid loop is to:

A. Add energy to the flow

B. Add mass to the flow

C. Extract energy from the flow

D. None of the above

C. Extract energy from the flow

A vena contracta in a fluid jet issuing through a hole in a plate is located approximately:

A. 10 diameters downstream of the hole

B. At jets minimum diameter

C. At the orifice minimum diameter

D. At the orifice maximum diameter

B. At jets minimum diameter

The following are all examples of indirect (secondary) miscellaneous methods to measure flow except:

A. Turbine and propeller meters

B. Magnetic flow meters

C. Positive displacement meters

D. Hot - wire anemometers

C. Positive displacement meters

One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of the following cases except:

A. Pumps

B. Fans

C. Turbines

D. Weirs

D. Weirs

One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:

A. Surface ships

B. Surface wave motion

C. Flow over weirs

D. Closed - pipe turbulent pipe flow

D. Closed - pipe turbulent pipe flow

One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the following cases except:

A. Motion of a fluid jet

B. Flow over spillways

C. Surge and flood waves

D. Subsonic airfoils

D. Subsonic airfoils

In fluid, linear momentum is:

A. A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

B. A scalar quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

C. A scalar quantity equal to the product of force and length of time is applied

D. The charge impulse

A. A vector quantity equal to the product of mass and velocity

All of the following fluid phenomena are based on the force momentum principle of a flowing fluid except:

A. Turbines

B. Pelton wheels

C. Diesel automobile engines

D. Jet engines

C. Diesel automobile engines

The fact that a fluid's velocity increases as the pipe through which it flows decreases is due to:

A. Bernoulli's equation

B. The continuity equation

C. The momentum equation

D. The perfect gas law

B. The continuity equation

In the absence of any heat and work interactions and any changes in potential energy, the stagnation enthalpy of a fluid remains constant during:

A. Unsteady flow

B. Steady flow

C. Turbulent flow

D. Variable flow

B. Steady flow

When a falling object reaches a speed at which the drag force equals its weight, it has achieved:

A. Mach one

B. A laminar boundary layer

C. A turbulent boundary layer

D. Terminal velocity

D. Terminal velocity

The coefficient of contraction is the ratio of the:

A. Area of vena contracta to the orifice area

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

C. Actual velocity to the theoretical velocity

D. Effective head to the actual head

A. Area of vena contracta to the orifice area

The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of the:

A. Area of vena contracta to the orifice area

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

C. Actual velocity to the theoretical velocity

D. Effective head to the actual head

B. Actual discharge to the theoretical discharge

The coefficient of velocity is equal to the:

A. Product of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

B. Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity

C. Sum of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

D. Difference of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of contraction

B. Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity

Which of the following is not a similarity between a submerged culvert and a siphon?

A. They both operate full

B. Torricelli's equation holds

C. Both can experience entrance and exit losses

D. In both, the water flows downhill

B. Torricelli's equation holds

In a parallel pipe system originating and terminating in common junctions:

A. Mass flows through each branch are equal

B. Pressure drops through each branch are equal

C. Lengths each branch are equal

D. Flows areas of each branch are equal

B. Pressure drops through each branch are equal

Flows through a multi-loop system may be computed by:

A. Any closed-form solution of simultaneous equations

B. The Hardy-Cross method

C. Trial and error

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Venturi meters

B. Static pressure probes

C. Turbine and propeller meters

D. Magnetic dynamometers

D. Magnetic dynamometers

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Orifice plate meters

B. Hot-wire anemometers

C. Magnetic flow meters

D. Mercury barometers

D. Mercury barometers

Flow measuring devices include all of the following except:

A. Flow nozzles

B. Venturi area meters

C. Pitot tubes

D. Precision tachometers

D. Precision tachometers

The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:

A. Variable area meters

B. Venturi meters

C. Volume tanks

D. Flow nozzle

C. Volume tanks

The following are examples of indirect (secondary) measurements to measure flow rates using obstruction meters except:

A. Pitot static meters

B. Static pressure probes

C. Weight and mass scales

D. Direction - sensing probes

C. Weight and mass scales