Untitled Flashcards Set

Qualitative Analysis

A method of analysis that focuses on identifying ions in a solution rather than measuring their amounts.

Cation

A positively charged ion, which is the focus for identification in this experiment.

Precipitate

A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture upon mixing two solutions.

Solubility Categories

Products formed in the experiment are categorized as soluble (S), slightly soluble (SS), or insoluble (I).

Balanced Molecular Equation

A chemical equation that shows the reactants and products in their correct proportions, without including charges.

Ionic Equation

An equation that shows all the ionic species present in a solution during a reaction.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the particles that participate in a chemical reaction, excluding spectator ions.

Qualitative Observations

Observations made based on physical characteristics, such as color and form of a precipitate.

Double Replacement Reaction

A type of chemical reaction where two compounds exchange ions or form new compounds.

Spectator Ion

An ion that does not participate in the chemical reaction and is present in the solution throughout.

Electro Neutrality

The principle that compounds must have no net charge, meaning the total positive charge must balance the total negative charge.

Solubility Rules

Guidelines used to predict the solubility of ionic compounds in water.

Laboratory Safety

Practices followed to maintain safety in the laboratory, such as using fume hoods for hazardous materials.

Data Recording

The act of accurately noting observations and results according to established scientific protocols.

Analyzing Results

The process of comparing experimental findings with known information to identify unknown substances.

Soluble Salt (S)

The reaction mixture will be "water clear." The solution in the test tube may be colored, but there is no precipitate.

Slightly Soluble Salt (SS)

The reaction mixture will have some cloudiness but no obvious solid settling to the bottom of the test tube.

Note that a precipitate is any solid formed as the result of a chemical reaction. Thus, the cloudiness that is observed is indeed a (light) precipitate.

Insoluble Salt (I)

The reaction mixture will be an opaque mixture with solid settling to the bottom of the test tube.