IBHOTA: Cold War

Containment

Preventing communism from spreading

Act of Chapultepec (March 1945)

Right to self-defense through regional pacts

The long telegram

Argued that communism is expansionist and the US must stop it

Rio pact (1947)

Reciprocal assistance, attack 1 = attack on all

Bogota conference (1948)

Formation of the OAS

Organization of American States (OAS)

Hemispheric unity against communism

Point four programme (1949)

Promoted scientific, technological, managerial, and self-help programs in third world countries

Fall of China (1949)

Formation of the People’s republic of China

Korean war (1950-1953)

Containment of communism in Korea

Mutual security act of 1951

Increased military assistance to third world countries to fight communism

NSC-141 (1952)

Latin America seeks a political and economic programs as well as hemispheric support

Bolivia

The US basically bought off Bolivia to prevent it from turning radical

National security act of 1947

Creation of the CIA, NSC, and department of defense

National security council (NSC)

Coordinate national security

Central intelligence agency (CIA)

Centralized intelligence agency to collect and analyze information in a more coordinated manner

Department of defense

combines the war and navy departments, as well as joint chiefs of staff

Soviet detonation of the atomic bomb (1949)

Much sooner than expected, it also put an end to the US atomic monopoly. The USSR already has a larger army.

Yalta (Feb 1945)

Creation of the UN, division of Germany into 4 different divisions, Berlin was in the center of the soviet sector

Potsdam (July 1945)

Allowed the USSR to take reparations from their half of Germany

Truman Doctrine (1947)

Involve the US in confronting communism across the globe

Berlin Airlift (1948-1949)

Dropping supplies onto west Berlin using airplanes

Marshall plan

Infusion of capital and supplies to rebuild western Europe

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Collective security pact formed in 1949 between the US and western European nations

NSC-68 (April 1950)

Called for an increase in defense spending and military aid to the allies as well as the development of the hydrogen bomb

United Nations

Maintain international peace and security

San Francisco conference (1945)

Signing of the UN charter by 50 nations

Creation of israel (1948)

The US official recognized israel as a country

“Iron Curtain“

An imaginary boundary between east and west Europe

Churchill’s “Iron Curtain“ Speech (1946)

Churchill’s speech that placed an imaginary boundary between west and east Europe

Decolonization

Emergence of the the third world, competition for global allies

Crises in Greece and Turkey

Fear of communist domination in the eastern Mediterranean

Independence to the Philippines (4 July 1946)

Removal of Japanese occupation in the Philippines

Occupation of Japan

US occupation of Japan after V-J Day