Oraciones Condicionales & Temporales

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7 Terms

1
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Type 1 (structure, purpose, example)

si + present + present/future

expresses a present or future action that can or will occur provided that the given condition is fulfilled

Si tengo tiempo luego, te ayudaré.

(the main clause can also contain the imperative: si la gata maúlla, dale de comer, por favor.)

2
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Type 2 (structure, purpose, example)

si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional

expresses an impossible/hypothetical condition and its imagined result in the present or future

Si tuviera tiempo, te ayudaría.

Si la granja fuera más grande, tendría un caballo.

3
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Type 3 (structure, purpose, example)

si + past perfect subjunctive + conditional perfect

looks at a past situation and its outcome and imagines it differently

Si hubiera tenido tiempo, te habría ayudado.

Si el tiempo no hubiera sido tan mal, el pasto no se habría secado.

4
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Mixed conditional

hypothetical situations that could have happened in the past and their possible consequences, or vice versa

combine different types of conditional clauses:

Si hubiera estudiado más, tendría un mejor trabajo ahora.

Si fuera más responsable, no habría perdido el avión.

5
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When to use indicative

when the main clause is about something that has already happened or is habitual

6
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When to use subjunctive

when the main clause is about something that hasn’t actually happened (yet)

7
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Time words:

cuando, en cuanto, tan pronto como, apenas, desde que, hasta que, siempre que, cada vez que, mientras, después de que, a medida que, según, antes de que (last one is NEVER followed by the indicative)