Prejudice, Stereotyping, & Discrimination

Prejudice

Generalized negative feelings toward specific groups.

Stigma

Social disapproval based on perceived characteristics.

Invisibility Stigma

Indifference toward individuals perceived as non-threatening.

Goal Obstruction

Fear of harm from a perceived threat.

Goal Irrelevance

No perceived threat or opportunity from others.

Weight Stigmatization

Negative attitudes toward individuals based on body weight.

Body Fat Functionality

Certain fat deposits can be beneficial for reproduction.

Stereotype

Oversimplified beliefs about a group of people.

Stereotype Content

Negative perceptions based on life-history traits.

Ecology-based Stereotypes

Stereotypes influenced more by environment than race.

Mental Efficiency

Stereotypes serve as cognitive shortcuts for processing.

Discrimination

Differential treatment based on group membership.

Concentrated Discrimination

Few individuals responsible for most discriminatory acts.

Dispersed Discrimination

Many individuals exhibit slight discriminatory behaviors.

Pareto Principle

80% of effects come from 20% of causes.

Racial Categorization

Automatic classification of individuals by race.

Coalition Cues

Group membership indicators prioritized over race.

Who-said-what Paradigm

Memory confusion test to study categorization.

Adversarial Collaboration

Joint examination of conflicting evidence or perspectives.

Gender Bias

Discrimination against women in academic settings.

Realistic Group Conflict Theory

Competition for resources leads to group conflict.

Fast Traits

Characteristics linked to rapid growth and reproduction.

Slow Traits

Characteristics linked to long-term investment and education.

Cottrell & Neuberg, 2007

Prejudices arise from specific emotions and behaviors.

Neel & Lasseter, 2019

Stigma can manifest as indifference or invisibility.

Williams et al., 2016

Stereotypes about Black Americans often linked to ecology.

Kurzban et al., 2001

Mind evolved to categorize by coalition, not race.

Ceci et al., 2023

Gender bias persists in academic hiring and ratings.