AP Physics Momentum

the product of mass and velocity, a vector quantity known as (blank) and denoted by p

• linear momentum

• p = mv

A large force that acts for a short period of time can produce the same change in linear momentum as a (blank) acting for a greater period of time

small force

The equation if we take the average force that acts over the time interval t

F = p/t

F = p/t becomes F= ma since (blank)

p/1 = mv/t = m (v/t) = ma

The product of force and the time during which it acts is known as (blank) it’s a vector quantity that’s denoted by J

• impluse

• J = Ft

Impulse is equal to change in linear momentum. In terms of impulse, Newton’s second law can be written in yet another form

J = p

The impulse delivered to an object may be found by taking the area under a (blank) graph

force-versus time

The impulse-momentum theorem states than an impulse that is delivered on an (blank) Therefore the momentum after the collision is equal to the (blank) 

• object changes to momentum

• momentum before

• Pfinal = Pinitial + J

The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains (blank)

constant

Law of conservation of momentum which states:

total_Pinitial = total_Pfinal

although the objects exert forces on each other during the impact, these forces are only (blank) and the system’s total linear momentum is conserved

internal 

Elastic Collision

1. The objects bounce perfectly off each other in opposite directions

2. Kinetic energy is conserved. Momentum is conserved

3. m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v3 + m2m4

Inelastic Collision

1. The objects travel in the same direction after the collision

2. Kinetic energy is lost. Momentum is conserved

3. m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v3 + m2m4

Perfectly Inelastic Collision

1. The objects stick together and travel in the same direction

2. Greatest kinetic energy is lost. Momentum is conserved.

3. m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1 +m2)v3