IMM

Phonation

Phonation

Vocal folds coming together to make fundamental tone

respirator

Breathing device

Resonation

Amplification of vibrators

Articulators

Teeth, lips, tongue, jaw, soft and hard palate

Pharynx/vocal folds

Throat

Diaphragm

Second biggest muscle

Intercostal muscles

Ribs, there are external and internal, they raise and lower

Placement

Vibratory sensation (resonance)

Vowel modification

Change original shape of vowel

vibrato

Oscillation of vocal folds

Actuator

Parts of body that help breathing

Articulation

Process of producing consonants

Larynx

Houses vocal chords

Epiglottis

Leaf shaped cartilage that protects chords

Formants

Overtones in tone

Registers (chest, middle, head, whistle )

Voices

Tessitura

Comfortable range

Passagio

Fuzzing sounding, transitions between registers

Posture should be

Balanced, free, flexible (bff)

Easiest vowels

[i] [u] [o]

Sublaryngeal system

Diaphragm, lungs, trachea, ribs

Main pillar

Spine

soft palate should be

Raised

Onset should be

Clear not breathy

onset

The start of the sound

Bernoulli effect

The velocity of air pushing air threw vocal cords causing cords to come together at high speeds

Sympathetic resonance

Free, listener hears result of resonance, no physical resonance

Conductive resonance

Vibration from vocal cords, physical resonance

Vocal resonators

Cords, pharynx, lips, jaw, nasal passages

The nose should be in the tone but

The tone should not be in the nose

3 aspects that affect resonance

Size, shape, texture

Jaw should be

Relaxed

Lips

Formations

Tongue should be

Out of the way

Soft palate

Raised, out of the way

Hardest languages to sing in

French, English

Easiest languages to sing in

Italian, German

Enunciation

How YOU pronounce

Pronunciation

How it SHOULD be said

Diction

The use of the words in understandable style

IPA

International Phonetic Alphabet

IPA developed

1888, by French linguist

Bel canto

Beautiful singing

Diphthongs

2 vowel sounds put together

Voiced

Produces pitch, can change pitch

Unvoiced

No pitch