#2 American Revolution: Slavery, Black Patriots, and Cultural Changes

What happened to the supply of white laborers in the mid-18th century?

The supply of white laborers declined while the number of enslaved Africans brought to the colonies increased, especially in the South.

Which regions had the largest enslaved populations?

The Chesapeake and South Carolina had the largest enslaved populations.

What significant change occurred in Georgia regarding slavery in 1751?

Georgia lifted its slavery ban and began importing slaves.

What was manumission?

Manumission is the process of being freed by a slave owner.

How did an 'African' identity develop in the mid-eighteenth century?

An 'African' identity was created as newly arrived Africans mingled with existing black populations in the North, leading to cultural exchanges.

What was the significance of Black elected officials in New England?

Black elected officials could speak on behalf of their communities and participated in events like election day, which white New Englanders found confusing.

What was Gullah?

Gullah is a combination of English and African dialects spoken by people of the Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia.

How did British taxes affect blacks during the Revolutionary Era?

Blacks were largely unaffected by British taxes as they had little to no access to taxed goods, unlike white colonists who felt enslaved by taxation without representation.

Who was Crispus Attucks?

Crispus Attucks was the first person to die in the Boston Massacre and became a martyr and symbol for the protest against slavery.

What was the role of Black Patriots during the American Revolution?

Black Patriots supported the white colonists in hopes of gaining freedom, inspired by the Declaration of Independence's assertion that 'all men are created equal.'

What was Dunmore's Proclamation?

Dunmore's Proclamation promised freedom to any black person who fought against the patriots during the American Revolution.

What was the Ethiopian Regiment?

The Ethiopian Regiment was the first black regiment formed during the American Revolution, created in response to Dunmore's Proclamation.

What was the Southern Strategy during the American Revolution?

The Southern Strategy was the British plan to defeat the patriots and regain control of the South, which ultimately failed due to various reasons including opposition and geographical challenges.

What happened to many Black loyalists after the American Revolution?

Many Black loyalists were left behind by the British, while some were relocated to Nova Scotia, the Caribbean, Australia, and England.

What was the significance of gradual emancipation in Northern states?

Gradual emancipation began in Northern states, with laws allowing for the eventual freedom of enslaved individuals, such as Pennsylvania's law in 1786.

Who was Phillis Wheatley?

Phillis Wheatley was a poet born in Gambia, kidnapped and enslaved in Boston, who became the first published African American female poet.

Who was Benjamin Banneker?

Benjamin Banneker was a self-educated African American astronomer and mathematician who gained recognition for his knowledge and contributions, including helping survey the territory for Washington D.C.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Yorktown?

The Battle of Yorktown was the last battle of the American Revolution, resulting in a British defeat.

What was the impact of the Massachusetts ruling on slavery in 1783?

The Massachusetts ruling in 1783 declared that slavery was incompatible with the state constitution, leading to gradual abolition.

What was the significance of the Connecticut gradual emancipation act?

Connecticut's gradual emancipation act allowed children born to enslaved mothers after March 1, 1784, to be freed after 25 years of indentureship.