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whole blood separated into components
red blood cells
packed RBC
leukocyte reduced packed red blood cells
washed packed RBC
frozen RBC
platelets
plasma
fresh frozen plasma
cryoprecipitate
packed red blood cells stored at
1-6°C
packed RBC expiration
dependent on anticoagulant whe
What is a leukocyte reduced packed RBC
fluid retaining 85% of original red blood cells but reducing WBC contents to >5×10^6
what are wash packed RBCs
removes plasma proteins that can cause reactions
shelf life of wash packed RBC
24 hours
why do we freeze/ deglycerize RBC
to preserve rare blood units
frozen RBC storage
-65°C
frozen RBC shelf life
10 years
after thawing frozen RBCs, what is their usage time
24 hours
what are irradiated RBC
gamma radiation of cellular blood products to prevent proliferation
main reason rbcs are irradiated
prevent graft v host
what does irradiation of red blood cells cause
rbc membrane damage
increase potassium
decreased levels of ATP
decreased 2,3 DPG
why do we transfuse rbcs
anemia
sickle cell
oncology
other hematological conditions
acute blood loss
trauma
gi bleed
platelet processing
centrifuge whole blood and express off plasma
plasma then centrifuged again to provide poor platelet plasma
platelet pH
6.5
platelet storage
20-24°C with continues agitation
platelet shelf life
5 days
what are pooled platelets
for adults to achieve a therapeutic dose
pooled platelet shelf life
4 hours
pooled platelet storage
20-24°C
what are irritated platelets and why do we do this
gamma radiation of cellular blood products to prevent proliferation to prevent graft vs host
when do we give platelets
thrombocytopenia
decreased platelet production
bleeding/increase use
abnormal platelet function
fresh frozen plasma processing
centrifuge whole blood and express off plasma, but needs to be frozen solid within 8 hours
storage of fresh frozen plasma
←18°C
expiration for fresh frozen plasma
1 year
how to thaw fresh frozen plasma
30-37°C for 20-30 min in a water bath stored after thawing at 1-6°C for 24 hours
what is cryoprecipitate
cold insoluble precipitate that forms after thawing fresh frozen plasma 1-6°C
cryoprecipitate contains concentrated forms of
vonwilllebrand factor
fibrinogen
fibronectin
factor VII
factor XII
storage of cryoprecipitate
<-18 °C for one year
thaw at 30-37°C for 6 hours
when do we use cryoprecipitate
treating hemophilia A
factor XII deficiency
dysfibrinogenemia
fibrin glue
why is plasma cryoprecipitate reduced
removal of cryoprecipitate and refrozen
-contains ADAMTS13
storage and expiration for plasma cryoprecipitate
store at <-18 °C for 1 year
what is apheresis
separated whole blood into different components then give extra back to donor
pathogen reduction
processes uses a chemical agent that is activated by UVA light to bind nucleic acids
dna cannot replicate
cells cant replicate
platelets are cell fragments
granulocytes
collected through apheresis that contains leukocytes and platelets
deteriorate rapidly so need to be transfused ASAP
to prevent graft v host
Rh immunoglobulin
given to RH negative pregnant females
contains igg that is directed against d antigen
testing
fetal screen
kleihauer-betke
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an O positive
O positive
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an O negative
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an A positive
A positive
A negative
O negative
O positive
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an A negative
A negative
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to a B positive
B positive
B negative
O positive
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to a B negative
B negative
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an AB positive
AB positive
AB negative
A positive
A negative
B positive
B negative
O positive
O negative
what packed red blood cells and blood cells can be given to an AB negative
AB negative
A negative
B negative
O negative
what plasma products can be given to an O
O, A, B, AB
what plasma products can be given to an A
A, AB
what plasma products can be given to a B
B, AB
what plasma products can be given to a AB
AB
compatibility and cross match testing is only preformed on what product
RBC
Blood product requirements must include
two unique patient identifiers
component requested
number of units
special considerations
physician name
when checking a patients blood bank history for additional blood bank testing requirements, what are we talking about
saline replacement and warm autoantibody
sample timing must be collected within
72 hours
patient samples are held for
7 days
required testing for donors
ABO/Rh
antibody screen
infectious disease testing
hepatitis b surface antigen
hepatitis b core antibodies
hepatitis c antibodies
hiv 1 and 2
human t-cell lymphotrophophic virus
syphilis
west nile
zika
IS crossmatch
verifies ABO compatibility
patient must have
negative antibody screen
no history of clinically significant antibodies
AHG crossmatch
preformed when patient has a positive antibody screen
can detect low incidence antigens
Emergency transfusion
immediate transfusion
O negative packed red blood cells
female of child-bearing age
emergency issues of units
label labs as uncross matched blood
massive transfusion
8-10 units in less than 10 hours
4-6 units of crossmatched rbc
4 units of fresh frozen plasma
1 apheresis platelet or 6 random platelets pooled
neonatal transfusion
small amount of product needed for transfusion
small aliquots are prepared
intrauterine transfusion
blood to fetus through umbilical cord
exchange transfusion
a blood transfusion in which the patients blood is exchanged with donor blood
can be used to treat excessively high concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin in neonates
Note
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