Biology 0300: Reproduction and Development
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Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to reproduction and development as discussed in the lecture notes.
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20 Terms
Testes
The male gonads that produce sperm and sex hormones.
Epididymis
The duct where sperm mature and are stored.
Vas deferens
The tube that conducts and stores sperm, leading to the ejaculatory duct.
Semen
A fluid containing sperm and the secretions of seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
Glans penis
The enlarged tip of the penis, covered by the foreskin at birth.
Prostate gland
A gland that contributes a thin, milky, alkaline fluid to semen, containing sperm-activating enzymes.
Spermatogenesis
The process of sperm production that occurs in the seminiferous tubules.
Sertoli cells
Cells that support, nourish, and regulate the development of spermatogenic cells.
Androgens
Male sex hormones secreted by interstitial cells, most importantly testosterone.
Ovulation
The process by which an oocyte is released from the ovary.
Oogenesis
The process of egg (oocyte) production.
Corpus luteum
A structure that forms from the vesicular follicle after ovulation, secreting progesterone and estrogen.
Endometrium
The inner lining of the uterus that thickens in preparation for implantation.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
Hormone produced by the placenta that supports pregnancy by maintaining the corpus luteum.
Term for the stages of birth
Parturition, divided into three stages: dilation, emergence, and expulsion of the placenta.
Colostrum
The first breast secretion after childbirth, rich in protein and antibodies.
Teratogens
Substances that cause developmental abnormalities in embryos.
Haploid
A cell with a single set of unpaired chromosomes; in humans, this is represented by n.
Diploid
A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent; in humans, this is represented by 2n.
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