IPS1: [Dosage Form] — Solution/Dispersion System/Parenteral and Special solutions

Proverbs 16:3

B. All

Which of the following dosage forms may use surface active agents in their formulations?

A. Colloidal dosage forms

B. All

C. Creams

D. Suspensions

E. Emulsiuons

C. Must have a "shake well" label.

Reconstituted Products:

A, Must have a "keep refrigerated" label.

B. Are often reconstituted when placed on the shelf so they will be ready when a prescription is received.

C. Must have a "shake well" label.

D. Are usually reconstituted with tap water

E. all

B. all

Which of the following is an emulsifying agent?

A. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate

B. all

C. Sorbitan monooleate

D. Sodium lauryl sulfate

E. Gum acacia

D. Veegum

Magnesium aluminum silicate is also known as;

A. Kaolin

B. Acacia

C. Bentonite

D. Veegum

D. The gum is mixed first with oil, then water is added gradually.

In English method of preparing the primary nucleus of an emulsion;

A. Make a paste of using 2 parts of oil and 1 part of gum, then alternately add the remainder of the oil and water.

B. Oil and water is shaken in a tumbler, then the gum is added all at once.

C. Wet the gum with water until a mucilage is formed, then the oil is added gradually.

D. The gum is mixed first with oil, then water is added gradually.

C. I only

In emulsion terminology, the dispersed phase is referred to as;

I. Internal phase

II. External phase

III. Continuous phase

A. I and II

B. II and III

C. I only

D. II only

C. emulsifying agent

The third component of an emulsion is the;

A. dispersed phase

B. droplets

C. emulsifying agent

D. dispersion medium

B. Gum and oil

The first step in the continental method of preparing emulsion is the combination of;

A. Gum and active ingredient

B. Gum and oil

C. Gum and water

D. Oil and water

A. Imbibition

It is the taking up of a certain amount of liquid without a measurable increase in size.

A. Imbibition

B. Syneresis

C. Swelling

D. Thixotropy

C. Cationic surfactant

Benzalkonium chloride is;

A. Non-ionic surfactant

B. Chelating agent

C. Cationic surfactant

D. Anionic surfactant

D. Intravenous

A suspension is NOT a suitable dosage form for what type of injection?

A. subcutaneous

B. Intra-articular

C. Intradermal

D. Intravenous

E. Intramuscular

D. Tweens are lipophilic surfactants

NOTE: Tweens are HYDROPHILIC surfactants

Which of the following is not correct about HLB System?

A. Hydrophilic surfactants form o/w emulsion.

B. It is used to classify surfactants.

C. HLB values of about 8-18 are o/w emulsifiers.

D. Tweens are lipophilic surfactants

A. Calamine lotion

The following suspensions can be administered internally EXCEPT:

A. Calamine lotion

B. Milk of Magnesia

C. Kaolin Mixture

D. Aluminum Hydroxide Gel

B. II only

Synthetic emulsifying agents are most effective at lowering interfacial tension between the oil and water phase. Examples of these agents includes:

I. Veegum

II. Benzalkonium chloride

III. Cholesterol

A. I, II, & III

B. II only

C. I only

D. I & II

B. I, II and III

Correct statements about o/w emulsions include:

I. The oil is available in the form of droplet and is uniformly dispersed in water.

II. May be diluted with water

III. Preferred type for oral used

A. I and III

B. I, II and III

C. I and II

D. II and II

C. I,II, and III are correct

A "Shake Well Before Use" label should be affixed to;

I. Bentonite Magma

II. Calamine Lotion

III. Cod Liver Oil Emulsion

A. I and III are correct

B. II only

C. I,II, and III are correct

D. II, and III are correct

A. Propellant

An agent responsible for developing the pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is opened.

A. Propellant

B. Air displacement

C. Glidant

D. Concentrate

B. aerosol

Colloidal system consisting of a very finely subdivided liquid or solid particles dispersed and surrounded by a gas is called;

A. all

B. aerosol

C. inhaler

D. vaporizer

C. I, II and III

Emulsions offer a number of advantages over other liquid dosage forms. These include:

I. The therapeutic properties and the spreading ability of the constituents are increased

II. Unpleasant taste or odor of oil can be masked partially or wholly

III. The absorption and penetration of medicaments are controlled more easily

A. I only

B. I and II

C. I, II and III

D. II and III

E. II only

A. Nonionic

The HLB system is most applicable for the classification of which surfactants

A. Nonionic

B. Cationic

C. Anionic

D. Ampholytic

C. Sorbitan monopalmiate (span 40 )

An example of nonionic surfactants would be

A. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate

B. Cetylpyridinium chloride

C. Sorbitan monopalmiate

D. Triethanolamine stearate

E. Ammonium laurate

C. Suspensoid

the particle size in suspension is known as _____

A. Particles of suspension

B. Suspending agent

C. Suspensoid

D. all

D. I and II

Which of the following chemicals is (are) included in topical formulas as sunscreens?

I. Benzophenones

II. Cinnamates

III. Methyl Salicylate (oil of wintergreen)

A. III only

B. II and III

C. I only

D. I and II

E. I, II and III

E. I and II only

Characteristics of inhalation aerosol dosage forms include

I. Avoid first pass effect

II. Rapid onset of action

III. Can administer large amount of drugs to intended site

A. I and III only

B. I only

C. III only

D. I, II and III

E. I and II only

C. Thickening agents

Carbomers may be included in a topical product as ___ ?

A. Antimicrobial preservatives

B. Buffers

C. Thickening agents

D. Sweeteners

E. Penetration enhancers

B. I, II, III

Aerosols offer the advantages of:

I. Portion of medication may be easily drawn from the package without contamination or exposure to the remaining material

II. Topical medication may be applied in a uniform, thin layer to the skin without touching the affected area

III. Protection of medicinal agents adversely affected by atmospheric oxygen and moisture

A. II only

B. I, II, III

C. I only

D. II & III

E. I & III

D. Helium

Which of the following gases is NOT used as aerosol propellant?

A. CO2

B. CFC

C. Nitrogen

D. Helium

E. Liquid filling

Method of filling aerosol EXCEPT

A. all

B. none

C. Cold filling

D. Pressure filling

E. Liquid filling

D. asthma therapy

Inhalational aerosols are commonly employed ____ ?

A. contraceptive

B. anorectal condition

C. antiinfective

D. asthma therapy

D. proctofoam

All of the following products are inhalational aerosols, EXCEPT:

A. intal inhaler

B. ventolin aerosol

C. azmacort

D. proctofoam

A. aerosols

Metered-dose inhalers are classified as:

A. aerosols

B. inhalations

C. sprays

D. insufflations

D. all

The rate of drug release from an aerosol depends on; _____

A. The power of a compressed gas to expel contents

B. The type of container

C. The type of drug present

D. all

E. all

True statements regarding packaging, labeling and storage of suspensions include;

A. A "shake well label" must be affixed

B. Packaged in an oversize container to facilitate through mixing

C. none

D. Must be protected from freezing, excessive heat and light

E. all

A. anionic

Sodium lauryl sulfate is a/an ________ type of surfactants

A. anionic

B. non-ionic

C. amphoteric

D. cationic

A. gels

Suspensions in a water medium of insoluble drugs in hydrated form where the particle size approaches or attains colloidal dimension

A. gels

B. lotions

C. mixtures

D. magmas

D. Tween 80

The following are natural type of emulsifying agent except:

A. Acacia

B. Gelatin

C. Agar

D. Tween 80

B. 4:2:1 method

Dry gum method of preparing emulsion is also known as _____ ?

A. Forbes bottle method

B. 4:2:1 method

C. English method

D. Wet gum method

A. Forbes bottle method

In preparing volatile substances what method will be used in preparing emulsion

A. Forbes bottle method

B. 4:2:1 method

C. English method

D. Wet gum method

D. All of the above

An emulsion is considered to be physically unstable if:

A. creaming of the emulsion

B. Breaking of the emulsion

C. Dispersed phase upon standing tends to form aggregate of globules

D. All of the above

D. 8-18

HLB value for oil in water emulsion

A. 5-8

B. 1-3

C. 3-6

D. 8-18

A. lotion

The following can exhibit a reversible sol-to-gel or gel-to sol transformation EXCEPT

A. lotion

B. gel

C. none

D. magma

E. all

A. Monodisperse and coarse

— (The particle size is uniform so this dispersion is not polydisperse. The particles size is greater than 1 Mm so this is not a colloidal suspension.)

A suspension is formed from uniform particles of solid, of diameter 10 Mm, suspended in a solvent. What is the best description of this system?

A. Monodisperse and coarse

B. Polydisperse and coarse

C. Polydisperse and colloidal

D. Monodisperse and colloidal

A. Gel

— (Nanosuspensions, microemulsions and foams have solid, liquid and gaseous dispersed phases, respectively. However, they each have a liquid continuous phase. Like emulsions, gels have a liquid dispersed phase but the continuous phase is solid)

Which one of the following dispersions does not have liquid continuous phase?

A. Gel

B. Microemulsion

C. Foam

D. Nanosuspension

D. microemulsion

—(Coarse dispersions have larger domains than colloidal dispersions. Nanoemulsions and microemulsions are colloids, but the range of domain sizes for microemulsions includes domains that are smaller than those found in nanoemulsions.)

Which one of the following systems has the smallest sized domains in its dispersed phase?

A. coarse emulsion

B. nanoemulsion

C. coarse suspension

D. microemulsion

E. subcutaneous

Although isotonicity is desirable for almost all parenterals, it is particularly critical for which injections

A. Intramuscular

B. Intradermal

C. Intra-articular

D. Intravenous

E. subcutaneous

C. Human immune serum, active immunity

NOTE: Human immune serum, PASSIVE immunity

Biologicals can be used to obtain either active or passive immunity. Which one of the following pairs is not correct?

A. Vaccine- active immunity

B. Antiserum, passive immunity

C. Human immune serum, active immunity

D. Toxoid, Active immunity

E. Antitoxin, Passive immunity

C. I and II only

Techniques used in the development of "biotechnological drugs" include

I. Gene splicing

II. Preparation of monoclonal antiobodies

III. Lypophilization

A. I only

B. III only

C. I and II only

D. I, II and III

E. II and III

E. Parenteral

Most recently developed biotechnological drugs are formulated into which dosage forms.

A. Capsule

B. Inhalation solutions

C. Topical

D. Tablets

E. Parenteral

C. Osmotic pressure

For the solution to be isotonic with the blood, it should have the same ____ ?

A. pH

B. Fluid pressure

C. Osmotic pressure

D. Specific gravity

E. Salt content

D. Increase ocular contact time

The main reason why methylcellulose and similar agents are included in ophthalmic solutions is to _____ ?

A. Reduce tearing during instillation of the drops

B. Reduce inflammation of the eye

C. Reduce drop size

D. Increase ocular contact time

E. Increase drop size

III. who have suffered a heavy loss of fluids and electrolytes such as in diarrhea.

Large volume parenterals for maintenance therapy is employed for patients;

I. entering or recovering from surgery

II. who are unconscious and unable to take fluids, electrolytes and nutrition orally

III. who have suffered a heavy loss of fluids and electrolytes such as in diarrhea.

A. II and III

B. I and II

C. I, II and III

D. III only

A. Irrigation Solutions

These are sterile solutions intended to bathe or wash wounds, surgical incisions, or body tissues.

A. Irrigation Solutions

B. Total Parenteral Nutrition

C. Dialysis Solutions

D. Intravenous Fluids

E. II and III only

The quantities of all ingredients present In parenteral solutions must be specified on the label EXCEPT

I. Antimicrobial preservatives

II. Isotonicity

III. pH adjustor

A. I and II only

B. III only

C. I only

D. I, II and III

E. II and III only

D. II and III

True statements regarding Irrigation and dialysis solution include:

I. Injected into the vein

II, Generally used in large volumes

III. Sterile Products

A. I, II and III

B. I and III

C. III only

D. II and III

C. Package In Multiple Dose

All of the following is true about LVP's EXCEPT:

A. Do Not Require Preservative

B. Sterile

C. Package In Multiple Dose

D. Containers Container Size Has A Maximum Fill Of 1 Liter

B. I and II

IV administration is needed when ____

I. An immediate action is required

II. An oral administration is ineffective

III. A prolonged action is required

A. II and III

B. I and II

C. I and III

D. I, II and III

A. Gas Sterilization

Method of sterilization employed for heat-labile enzyme preparations, catheters, needles and plastic disposable syringes.

A. Gas Sterilization

B. Sterilization by ionizing radiation

C. Dry heat Sterilization

D. Steam Sterilization

D. Spores of Bacillus subtilis

Pyrogen Testing is conducted using____ EXCEPT:

A. none

B. Healthy Rabbilts

C. Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL)

D. Spores of Bacillus subtilis

E. all

B. Mineral Oil

Commonly used fixed oils in injections include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. Corn Oil

B. Mineral Oil

C. Peanut Oil

D. Sesame Oil

B. Injectable Emulsion

Propofol, USP is a:

A. Dry Solid for Injection

B. Injectable Emulsion

C. Injectable Suspension

D. Solution for Injection

D. implants

These are solid dosage forms which are designed to be inserted under the skin by special injectors or by surgical incision.

A. troches

B. plasters

C. inserts

D. implants

E. pills

D. Steam sterilization

Method of sterilization conducted in an autoclave is;

A. Sterilization by filtration

B. Gas sterilization

C. Dry heat sterilization

D. Steam sterilization

C. Humulin R

The following sterile fluids are classified as large volume parenterals EXCEPT:

A. Ringer's Injection

B. Total Parenteral Nutrition

C. Humulin R

D. Dextrose 5% Injection

B. only III

Parenteral drug products should possess the following characteristics; EXCEPT:

I. Sterilized using either autoclaving, dry heat or bacterial filtration

II. Isotonic

III. Colored

A. II and III

B. only III

C. I, II and III

D. I and II

B. Suppository

Which of the following is NOT sterile?

A. Implant

B. Suppository

C. Eye drop

D. Parenteral solution

B. All parenteral products must be isotonic

Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding parenteral administration?

A. Systemic drug absorption occurs more rapidly than from oral administration

B. All parenteral products must be isotonic

C. It has greater potential health hazard than oral administration

D. Once the drug is administered it can not be retrieved

D. Sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride

Ringer's Injection USP contains:

A. Sodium chloride and sodium lactate

B. Sodium chloride and calcium chloride

C. Sodium chloride only

D. Sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride

E. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride

D. ID

Tuberculin skin testing is administered;

A. IV

B. IM

C. SQ

D. ID

D. Colorant

Considerations in preparing ophthalmic preparations include the following EXCEPT:

A. Sterility

B. Preservation

C. Isotonicity

D. Colorant

E. buffering

C. I and II

Purposes of buffering of ophthalmic preparations include:

I. for greater comfort to the eye

II. to enhance drug's bioavailability

III. aid in maintaining the drug in contact with the eye tissues

A. I, II and III

B. I and III

C. I and II

D. III only

C. Membrane filtration through 0.2 micron filter

The most practical method for sterilizing ophthalmic solution is

A. Use of oven

B. Membrane filtration through 1 micron filter

C. Membrane filtration through 0.2 micron filter

D. Autoclave for 15 minutes

C. Bacteriostatic Sterile Water for Injection

Which of the following diluents is Least suitable for reconstituting single dose vials

A. Sterile water for Injection (SFWI)

B. D5W injection

C. Bacteriostatic Sterile Water for Injection

D. N/S injection

A. Steam under pressure

Kills all living organisms including spores and viruses

A. Steam under pressure

B. None

C. Bacterial filtration

D. Chemical sterilization

A. 0.9% Nacl Solution

Physiological salt solution

A. 0.9% Nacl Solution

B. 74% NaCl solution

C. 9% NaCl solution

D. 0.09% NaCl solution

D. Viscosity is a property of liquids related to the resistance to flow

True statement for viscosity

A. all

B. Viscosity renders the eye more stable

C. Viscosity is also known as wetting agent

D. Viscosity is a property of liquids related to the resistance to flow

E. none

C. Bacteriostatic NACl injection

The following in solution/vehicle can be use for neonates, EXCEPT:

A. none

B. Sterile water for injection

C. Bacteriostatic NACl injection

D. NaCl injection

E. Dextrose 5% water

D. Water for injection

The form of water that is commonly used in the production of a parenteral products

A. Purified water

B. Sterile water for injection

C. Deionized

D. Water for injection

A. cefuroxime inj, USP

NOTE:

A. cefuroxime inj, USP → ✅ this is an injection solution.
B. pen G procaine inj SUS, USP → ❌ suspension.
C. cefuroxime for inj, USP → ❌ powder for reconstitution.
D. Pen G procaine for inj, USP → ❌ powder for reconstitution.

Which of the following is an inj solution?

A. cefuroxime inj, USP

B. pen G procaine inj SUS, USP

C. cefuroxime for inj, USP

D. Pen G procaine for inj, USP

E. none

D. 10%

For adult, the ethanolic content limit for the oral OTC solution products is ___ ?

A. 0.5%

B. 0.05%

C. 1.5%

D. 10%

E. 5%

D. Sterile

Characteristics of water for inhalation EXCEPT

A. No added substances

B. Purified by boiling

C. Purified by distillation

D. Sterile

C. Sodium Iodide-123

A radiopharmaceutical used diagnostically to evaluate thyroid fraction and morphology.

A. Cobalt-57

B. Samarium - 153

C. Sodium Iodide-123

D. Holmium-166

A. Directly dispensed to the patient

The following statement are true for Dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals EXCEPT

A. Directly dispensed to the patient

B. none

C. all

D. Typically in unit dose

E. With a special label such as " caution - radioactive material"

A. Prussian blue

A drug antidote for radiation exposure is;

A. Prussian blue

B. Cs

C. Captopril

D. Acetazolamide

B. Syntocinon nasal spray

A nasal preparation used for initial milk let-down preparation to breastfeeding.

A. Afrin nasal spray

B. Syntocinon nasal spray

C. Diapid nasal spray

D. Nasalide nasal solution

C. I, II and III

Nasal preparations are employed;

I. As nasal decongestant for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis.

II. To restore moisture and relieve dry, congested and inflamed nasal membranes

III. In the form of nose drops or sprays

A. II and III

B. I and II

C. I, II and III

D. I and III

B. Inhaler

Inhalation solutions are administered as fine mist of drug or vapors using the following EXCEPT:

A. Nebulizer

B. Inhaler

C. Vaporizer

D. Humidifier

A. IM injection

Oleagenous solution are use for ____ ?

A. IM injection

B. Intra-articular

C. intra-ocular

D. IV injection

A. Inhalation

Drugs or combination of drugs that by virtue of their high vapor pressure can be carried by an air current to the nasal passages where they exert their effect.

A. Inhalation

B. Inhalant

C. Aerosol

D. Spray

D. admixture

What is it called when a drug is added to parenteral solution?

A. diluents

B. solvent

C. none

D. admixture

E. compounding

A. High buffer Capacity

Vehicle for nasal medications should possess all of the following properties EXCEPT

A. High buffer Capacity

B. An acid pH

C. All of the above are important

D. Ability to resist growth microorganisms

E. Isotonicity

D. III and IV

Which of the following sterilization method is/are used for heat sensitive pharmaceutical preparations?

I. Moist Heat

II. Dry Heat

III. Sterilization by filtration

IV. Gas sterilization

A. all

B. I and III

C. III only

D. III and IV

A. 40

Implantation tablets are NMT ____ mm in length

A. 40

B. 20

C. 10

D. 8

B. I and II

Use of aromatic waters:

I. Flavored vehicle

II .Perfumed vehicle

III. Disinfectant

A. I and III

B. I and II

C. II and III

D. I, II, and III

B. Solution

The absorption rate of a drug is most rapid when the drug is formulated as ____ ?

A. Controlled-release product

B. Solution

C. Hard gelatin capsule

D. Suspension

E. Compressed tablet

C. Nitric and sulfuric acid

Pyroxyllin is obtained by the action of a mixture of these acids on the cotton:

A. Nitric and hydrochloric acids

B. Sulfuric and hydrochloric acids

C. Nitric and sulfuric acid

D. Acetic and sulfuric acid

C. chlorhexidine gluconate

Which of the following chemical antiseptics in an ingredient in topical and mouthwash products ?

A. hydrogen peroxide

B. povidone iodine

C. chlorhexidine gluconate

D. thimerosal

D. spirits

Which of the following solutions contains the highest percentage of alcohol

A. tinctures

B. syrups

C. elixirs

D. spirits

D. talc

Aromatic water may be clarified by triturating the oil with ___ ?

A. acacia

B. kaolin

C. Bentonite

D. talc

D. Cohobation

The process of redistilling one or more fresh delicate drugs with small quantities of volatile products;

A. Maceration

B. Steam distillation

C. Reflux distillation

D. Cohobation

A. Magnesium Citrate solution

The following solutions are administered topically EXCEPT:

A. Magnesium Citrate solution

B. Povidone-Iodine solution

C. Hydrogen Peroxide solution

D. Aluminum Subacetate solution