American Studies Ch 18

The lack of natural resources slowed America's industrial revolution (T/F)

The lack of natural resources slowed America's industrial revolution (T/F)

False

Donated millions or thousands of libraries built across the U.S. Started as a poor Scottish immigrant

Andrew Carnegie

What was NOT an impact of RR on westward expansion?

-Federal troops moved more efficiently to deal with Indians -Factories abandoned the east to move to the Great Basin -Raw materials/finished goods move more efficiently -Immigrants efficiently move west to work in ag or industry

Factories abandoned the east to move to the Great Basin

Which was NOT a problem plaguing the growing RR industry?

-Dangerous working conditions during construction -Inefficient routes and location of RR -Corruption due to lobbying politicians -Excellent RR management and sound RR investments

Excellent RR management and sound RR investments

Industry became more efficient, cities began to sprawl & suburbs grew, & building got taller

Electricity

Captains of industry who built huge wealth usually by shrewd, ruthless & sometimes dishonesty

Robber barons

Irish coal miners in Pennsylvania, some became violent, 10 were hanged in 1876

Molly Maguires

Occured in 1877, the 1st interstate strike in US history, it failed but showed potential

Great RR Strike

First federal law to restrict immigration on basis of race and class, 10 year restriction!

Chinese Exclusion Act

Early labor union welcoming ALL labor, was initially secretive, equal pay for equal work

Knights of Labor

1st terrorist bombing, a bomb went off at a labor pretest, anarchists were to blame

Haymarket Affair

At the end of the 19th century, a rapidly growing city & "hotbed of labor unrest?"

Chicago

A business or industry that only hired union labor

Closed shop

RR workers who lived in company town & shopped in a company store went on strike over wage cuts

Pullman Strike

Leading American socialist, ran for president 3 times, and head of the American Railway Union

Eugene V. Debs

Famous longtime leader of the American Federation of Labor

Samuel Gompers

In general, local, state, & federal officials sided with LABOR during early labor disputes (T/F)

False

Mother Jones

Labor activist who was a member of the Knights of Labor union and who used publicity techniques to create awareness of the plight of mine workers and child laborers. buried in mount olive

Homestead Steel Strike of 1892

Labor conflict at the Homestead steel mill near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents hired by the factory's management.

AFL

American Federation of Labor

Anarchists

People who oppose all forms of organized government

Workers Compensation

A form of insurance paid by the employer providing cash benefits to workers injured or disabled in the course of employment.

Montgomery Ward

Former American department store chain, founded as the world's first mail order business in 1872 by Aaron Montgomery Ward.

Richard Sears

A successful and creative figure in the mail-order business who began by selling jewelry

JP Morgan

Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel. Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. Was one of the "Robber barons"

Henry Clay Frick

Manager of the Carnegie Steel plant outside of Pittsburgh, PA who barricaded the plant and hired armed Pinkerton guards to attack striking workers

John D. Rockefeller

Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest, and meanest monopoly known in history

Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt

Built the New York Central Railroad System. Offering superior railway service at lower rates, he amassed a fortune of $100 million.

Nikola Tesla

Alternating current

Thomas Alva Edison

Inventor and scientist, invented the light bulb

Alexander Gaham Bell

Inventor of the telephone

1st Transcontinental Railroad

-1869

-Railroad which stretched from coast to coast

-War delayed building it

Reason/factors causing/spurring on 2nd Industrial Revolution in the US

-Natural resources

-Abundant labor supply

-Strong gov policy

-News sources of power

-Railroads

-Inventions