Assessment and Management of Patients with Eye and Vision Disorders

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to the assessment and management of eye and vision disorders, extracted from the provided lecture notes.

Lacrimal gland

A gland in the eye that produces tears.

Sclera

The white outer layer of the eyeball.

Pupil

The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.

Nystagmus

Involuntary oscillation of the eyeball.

Strabismus

A condition in which there is deviation from perfect ocular alignment.

Visual acuity

The sharpness or clarity of vision measured by the ability to discern letters or numbers at a given distance.

Tonometry

A diagnostic test that measures intraocular pressure.

Glaucoma

A group of ocular conditions characterized by damage to the optic nerve due to increased intraocular pressure.

Cataracts

An opacity or cloudiness of the lens, often related to aging.

Retinal detachment

Separation of the sensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Leading cause of irreversible blindness and visual impairment, with types including dry and wet forms.

Conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, commonly known as pink eye.

Myopia

A refractive error also known as nearsightedness.

Hyperopia

A refractive error also known as farsightedness.

Amsler grid

A tool used for testing central visual field defects.

Ophthalmoscopy

A medical examination of the interior of the eye.

Extraocular muscles

Muscles control eye movement.

Phototherapeutic keratectomy

A treatment procedure for diseased corneal tissue.

Antiglaucoma medications

Drugs aimed at reducing intraocular pressure.

Ciliary body

The part of the eye that produces aqueous humor and changes the shape of the lens.

Caruncle

A small fleshy mass at the inner corner of the eye.

Cornea

The clear, front part of the eyeball that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.