BIOL L INTEGUMENT

stratum germinativum

base layer of the epidermis

melanocytes

special cells in the layer of the stratum germinativum

melanin

melanocytes produce WHAT? which absorbs UV radiation

pale ivory skin

low melanocyte activity

dark ebony skin

high melanocyte activity

carotene

orange pigment

dermal blood supply

rosy appearance

carotene and dermal blood supply

those with low melanocyte activity their skin color is determined by these 2 factors…

dermis

lies below the epidermis and contains many structures such as blood vessels, nerves, sensory receptors, extracellular fibers, hair follicles, and glands

superficial and deep

blood vessels are divided into 2 locations called?

meissner’s corpuscles

light pressure

pacinian corpuscles

heavy pressure

merkel cells

soft touch or stroke

collagen

strength

elastin

stretch

collagen and elastin

2 extracellular fibers?

arrector pili muscle

lifts the hair shaft upon nervous simulation, which increases skin sensitivity

papilla

vascular structure that provides nutrients

matrix

location of new hair growth

cuticle, cortex, medulla

shaft layers (superficial to deep)

terminal hair

typically long and thick, these hairs are found on the head, eyebrows, eyelashes, and pubic regions

vellus hair

typically short and thin, these hairs comprise most (75%) of the hair on the body

nail matrix

mitotically active zone of nail growth

lunula

newly formed and undifferentiated white cells of nail body

eponychium

epidermal cells dragged forward along the body as the nail grows, otherwise known as the cuticle

hyponychium

epidermal cells dragged beneath the body as the nail grows

sudoriferous glands

produces watery secretion called sweat

sebaceous glands

produces OILY secretion called sebum

sebum

oily secretion

ceruminous glands

produce waxy secretion called cerumen

cerumen

waxy secretion

mammary glands

produce milk

mammary glands

found in the breast but only active in pregnant and nursing women

ceruminous glands

found exclusively in the ear

sebaceous glands

typically associated with hair follicles

eccrine

found abundantly across the body and excrete mostly water

apocrine

found in the armpits, groin, and surrounding the nipples, this glands produces a more concentrated secretion

epidermal ridges

extend into the stratum corneum where they interlock with dermal papillae to form ridges that are able to withstand high frictional stress

apocrine

what type of sweat gland is found in the axillary, groin, and nipple areas?