chemistry chapter 6 - moles

mole

A fundamental unit in chemistry used to measure the amount of substance.

avogadro’s number

The number of particles, usually atoms or molecules, found in one mole of a substance, approximately equal to 6.022 x 10²³.

how avogadro’s number was found

By dividing Faraday’s constant by the charge of an electron.

atomic mass equals

molar mass!

mass to mole

1 mol/molar mass (g)

mole to mass

molar mass (g)/1 mol

particles to moles

1 mol/6.022 × 10²³ particles

moles to particles

6.022 × 10²³ particles/1 mol

particles to grams

mass (g)/6.022 × 10²³ particles

percent composition

The mass of a single component divided by the total mass of the entire substance.

molecular formula

A representation of a chemical compound that shows the number and type of atoms in a molecule, including both the types of elements and the absolute number of atoms of each element.

empirical formula

The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound, derived from the molecular formula.

structural formula

Molecular formula that illustrates the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, including how atoms are bonded to each other.

empirical formula rhyme

Percent to mass, mass to mole, divide by smallest, return to whole