C Programming Ch1-3

6 Phases for program execution

1. edit - programmer creates a file in editor

2. precompress - inserts contents of other files and text replacements

3. compile - creates object code and stores it on disk

4. link - fills in functions referenced from libraries

5. load - program is loaded from disk to memory

6. execute - computer follows code

Errors

• syntax - compiler can’t recognize code because it isn’t in the right language

• runtime - occur as the program runs

• fatal - program terminates without performing its job

• nonfatal - program runs to completion producing incorrect results

comments

• // COMMENT

• /* COMMENT */

Code must-haves

• # include <stdio.h>

• int main(void) { }

• printf (“ PRINTED TEXT \n “);

• scanf (“%d”, &VARIABLE); (for integer)

• printf ( “ COMMENT %d COMMENT ” , VARIABLE); (printing string with variable)

escape sequences

• \n - newline

• \t - tab over

• \a - produces sound or visible alert

• \\ - how to put a \ in a string

• \” - how to put a “ in a string

initializing variables

• int VARIABLE = VALUE

• double VARIABLE = VALUE

• variable names can have letters, digits, and underscores, and can’t start with numbers

operators

• + - addition

• - - subtraction

• * - multiplication

• / - division (integer division gives an integer result)

• % - remainder (mod)

if statement

if (CONDITION) {

printf (“ %d COMMENT %d”, VARIABLE1, VARIABLE2); }

algorithm

a procedure for solving a problem with: actions in order

program control

the order in which statements should execute

pseudocode

an informal artificial language