Earth Science (TBBT)

Big Bang Theory

-is cosmological model that explains how the universe began.
-The concept of the big bang is not a literal explosion.

Dilutes

in the big bang theory, matter ______ as the universe expands.

Singularity

-The universe started as a ______.
-It is an area predicted to be in a core of a black hole with very high temperature and density.

Matter and Antimatter

The intense heat resulted to formation of _____ and _______ particles that were destroyed every time they collided with each other.

Singularity

-The intense heat resulted to formation of matter and antimatter particles that were destroyed every time they collided with each other.

Nucleosynthesis

-is the formation of elements, such as hydrogen (H) and helium (He).
-Presence of these elements led to the formation of stars and galaxies.

Nucleosynthesis

-the presence of the stars led to the formation of other cosmic bodies such as Planets, Comets, and Asteroids.

1. The expansion of the universe.
2. The high amount of light elements.
3. The detection of the (CMB) radiation.

Evidences that support the big bang theory:

Cosmic microwave Background

-is the residue or heat leftover from the big bang.

Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaitre

-was the first proponent of the theory.
-He suggested the idea of expanding universe.
-1931

Edwin Powell Hubble

-Hubble’s law
-The universe was not static but expanding.

Arno Penzias
Robert Wilson

-Discovered that microwaves with wavelengths of about 7 centimeters were present in space.
-these waves were referred to as CMB radiation.

Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaitre
Edwin Powell Hubble
Arno Penzias
Robert Wilson

Proponents of the Big Bang Theory:

-Failed to explain how the universe was created.
-It just explains hot it evolved not created.
-Failed to explain how galaxies are formed.

Drawbacks of the big bang theory:

Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaitre

-the universe originated in an explosive act of primeval atom or the ‘cosmic egg’.

Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson

-Microwaves with wavelengths of about 7 centimeters that were present in space

Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaitre

-The cosmic rays were “ashes and smoke of bright but very rapid fireworks,” and they originated when the primeval atom disintegrated.

Edwin Powell Hubble

-The relationship of the velocities of distant objects in the universe is in proportion to their distance from Earth.

Edwin Powell Hubble

-The amount of redshift is proportional to the distance of the galaxy.

Hubble’s law

-states that the relationship of the velocities of distant objects in the universe is directly proportional to their distance from Earth.