Polysaccharides and Disaccharides - Biochem
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30 Terms
What type of polysaccharide is amylose?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Amylopectin?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Glycogen?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Cellulose?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Chitin?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Dextran?
Homopolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Peptidoglycan?
Heteropolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Agarose?
Heteropolysaccharide
What type of polysaccharide is Hyaluronan?
Heteropolysaccharide
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Amylose?
Glucose (α-1,4) - linear
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Amylopectin?
Glucose (α-1,4) linkages, with (α-1,6) branches every 24-36 residues
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Glycogen?
Glucose (α-1,4) linkages, with (α-1,6) branches every 8-12 residues
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Cellulose?
Glucose (β-1,4)
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Chitin?
N-Acetylglucosamide (β-1,4)
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Dextran?
Glucose (α-1,6) linkages with (α-1,3) branches
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Peptidoglycan?
Alternating N-acetylglucosamide and N-acetylmuramic acid (β-1,4) linkages
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Agarose?
Alternating α-(1→3) and β-(1→4) bonds between D-Galactose and 3,6-Anhydro-L-galactopyranose unit
What is the repeating unit and bond number(s) of Hyaluronan?
alternating α-(1→3) and β-(1→4) bonds between glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamide
Role of Amylose
Energy storage in plants
Role of Amylopectin
Energy storage in plants
Role of Glycogen
Energy storage in bacteria and animals
Role of Cellulose
Structure in plants (rigidity and strength of cell walls)
Role of Chitin
Structure in insects, spiders, crustaceans (Rigidity and strength of exoskeletons)
Role of Dextran
Structure in bacteria (extracellular adhesive)
Role of Peptidoglycan
Structure in bacteria (Rigidity and strength in cell envelope)
Role of Agarose
Structure in Algae (Cell wall material)
Role of Hyaluronan
Structure in vertebrates (Extracellular matrix of skin and connective tissue, viscosity and lubrication in joints)
Subunits and bond of sucrose
Glucose and Fructose held by a (α-1,2) bond
Subunits and bonds of lactose
Galactose and Glucose linked by a (β-1,4) bond
Subunits and bonds of maltose
Glucose and glucose linked by a (α-1,4) bond
