Chapter 15 key terms

These flashcards contain key terms and definitions related to psychological disorders, their symptoms, and characteristics as discussed in the lecture.

agoraphobia

An anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear and avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult.

antisocial personality disorder

A disorder characterized by a lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, and lack of remorse.

anxiety disorder

A disorder characterized by excessive and persistent fear and anxiety, affecting behavior.

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A childhood disorder characterized by inattentiveness and/or hyperactive, impulsive behavior.

atypical

Describes behaviors or feelings that deviate from the norm.

autism spectrum disorder

A childhood disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.

bipolar disorder

A mood disorder characterized by fluctuating states of depression and mania.

body dysmorphic disorder

Involves excessive preoccupation with an imagined defect in physical appearance.

borderline personality disorder

Characterized by instability in relationships, self-image, mood, and impulsivity.

comorbidity

The co-occurrence of two disorders in the same individual.

delusion

A belief that is contrary to reality and firmly held despite contradictory evidence.

dissociative disorders

A group of disorders where a person becomes dissociated from their core sense of self.

flashback

A psychological state where one relives a traumatic event, behaving as though it is occurring.

generalized anxiety disorder

Characterized by a continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable worry and apprehension.

hallucination

A perceptual experience occurring without external stimulation, often auditory in schizophrenia.

panic disorder

An anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks and worry about further attacks.

personality disorder

Characterized by an inflexible personality style that causes distress and impairs relationships.

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Symptoms following a traumatic event, including intrusive memories and emotional disturbances.

rumination

In depression, the tendency to repetitively dwell on one’s depressive symptoms and their consequences.

schizophrenia

A severe disorder with major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior.

specific phobia

An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive fear about a specific object or situation.

suicidal ideation

Thoughts of death by suicide or planning for suicide.

ventricle

One of the fluid-filled cavities within the brain.