AP Latin Vocab 2025

a, ab, abs

(with abl.) from, away from, out of, by

abeo, -ire, -ii, -itum

to go from, go away, go off, go forth, go, depart

absum, abesse, afui

to be away from, be absent

accedo (adc-), -ere, -cessi, -cessum

to go to, come to, come near, draw near, approach, enter

accendo (adc-), -ere, -cendi, -censum

to kindle, set on fire, inflame

accido, -ere, -cidi

to fall upon, fall to, reach by falling, happen

accipio (adc-), -ere, -cepi, -ceptum

to take without effort, receive, get, accept, hear

accuso, -are, -avi, -atum

to accuse, blame, find fault; reprimand; charge (w/ a crime)

acer, acris, acre

sharp, bitter, pointed, piercing, shrill; keen; severe

acies, -ei (f.)

sharp edge, point; front of an army, battle line; army

ad

(with acc.) to, toward

addo, -ere, -didi, -ditum

to put to, place upon, lay on, join, attach

adeo, -ire, -ii, -itum

to go to, come to, come up to, approach, draw near

adhuc

until now, heretofore, as yet, still, to this point, to this place

adsum (assum), adesse, adfui

to be at, be present, be at hand

adsurgo (***-), -ere, -surrexi, -surrectum

to rise up, rise, stand up

adversus, -a, -um

turned to, turned against, opposite, before, in front of; unfavorable

adversus, adversum

(with acc.) opposite to, against; toward, against, before

aedificium, -i (n.)

building; structure

aedifico, -are, -avi, -atum

to build, construct, make; create; establish; improve

aeger, -gra, -grum

sick, ill, injured; painful; corrupt; sad, sorrowful

Aeneas, -ae (m.)

Aeneas, leader of the Trojans

aequo, -are, -avi, -atum

to make equal, equalize

aequor, -oris (n.)

even surface, level; sea, ocean

aequus, -a, -um

level, even, equal, like; just, kind, impartial, fair; patient

aestas, -atis (f.)

summer; summer heat/weather; a year

aetas, -atis (f.)

life of a man, age, lifetime, years

aethera

upper air, sky

affirmo (adf-), -are, -avi, -atum

to strengthen; confirm, encourage; declare

ager, agri

(productive) land, a field, farm, estate, pasture

agmen, -inis

multitude, troop, crowd; battle line, army

ago, -ere, egi, actum

to put in motion, do, act, move, lead, drive

agricola, -ae

farmer, countryman, peasant

aio (defective verb, ais, ait, aiunt)

to assert, affirm, say, tell, relate

albus, -a, -um

white, pale, fair, gray; bright, clear; favorable, auspicious

Alexandrinus, -a, -um

Alexandrian, pertaining to Alexandria (a city in Egypt)

alienus, -a, -um

of another, belonging to another, not one's own, foreign, alien, strange

aliqui (aliquis), aliqua, aliquod

some, any

aliquis, aliquid

someone, anyone, anybody, one or another; neut., something, anything

alius, -a, -ud

another, other, different; one…the other (alius…alius), some…others (alii…alii)

alter, -tera, -terum

one, another, the one, the other (of two)

altum, -i

height; high sky; deep sea

altus, -a, -um

high, lofty, elevated, great; deep, profound

ambulo, -are, -avi, -atum

to walk, take a walk; travel, march

amicitia, -ae

friendship; alliance, association; friendly relations

amicus, -a, -um

loving, friendly, kind, favorable

amicus, -i

loved one, loving one, friend

amitto, -ere, -isi, -issum

to send away, dismiss, part with, let go, lose

amnis, -is

river

amo, -are, -avi, -atum

to love

amor, -oris

love, affection, strong friendly feeling

amplector, -i, amplexus sum

to twine around, encircle, encompass, embrace

an

or, or whether

ancilla, -ae

enslaved woman

angustus, -a, -um

narrow, steep, close, confined; scanty, poor; narrowminded, petty

anima, -ae

air, a current of air, breeze, wind; breath, life, soul

animal, -is

animal, living thing

animus, -i

soul, intelligence, reason, intellect, mind; courage

annus, -i

year

ante

(with acc.) (of space) before, in front, forwards; (of time) before, previously

antea

before, before this; formerly, previously, in the past

antiquus, -a, -um

ancient, former, old, of old times

anxius, -a, -um

anxious, uneasy, disturbed; concerned; careful

aperio, -ire, -ui, -tum

to uncover, open, disclose; explain, recount; reveal; establish

appareo (adp-), -ere, -ui, -itum

to appear, come in sight, make an appearance

appello (adp-), -are, -avi, -atum

to call, address, name; request, implore, demand

Appia, -ae

a Roman female name (nomen - name of a Roman gens)

appropinquo (adp-), -are, -avi, -atum

(with dat. or ad + acc.) to approach; come near to, draw near (space/time)

apud

(with acc.) with, among, at, by, near, at the house of

aqua, -ae

water

ara, -ae

structure for sacrifice, altar

arbor (arbos), -oris

tree

architectus, -i

architect; inventor, designer

arcus, -us

bow, arc, arch; rainbow; anything arched or curved

ardens, -entis

glowing, fiery, hot, ablaze, burning, eager

ardeo, -ere, arsi, arsum

to be on fire, burn, blaze, be burned, glow

area, -ae

ground, dry land, open space

arena (harena), -ae

sand, grains of sand; sandy land or desert; seashore; arena

arma, -orum

implements, outfit, instruments, tools; implements of war, arms, weapons

ars, artis

practical skill, art

arvum, -i

field, cultivated land, plowed land

arx, arcis

castle, citadel, fortress, stronghold

ascendo (ads-), -ere, -cendi, -censum

to climb, go/climb up; mount, scale; embark; rise, ascend, move upward

aspicio (ads-), -ere, -exi, -ectum

to look at, look upon, behold, look

at, ast

but (introducing a contrast to what precedes)

ater, atra, atrum

black, coal-black, gloomy, dark

Athenae, -arum

Athens (city in Greece)

athleta, -ae

wrestler, boxer, athlete, one who is in public games; expert

atque, ac

and; than (correl. with alius); as (correl.

atrium, -i (n.)

atrium, reception hall in a Roman house

attonitus, -a, -um

astonished, fascinated; stupefied, dazed; inspired

audacia, -ae (f.)

boldness, courage, confidence; recklessness

audax, -acis

bold; courageous; reckless, rash; presumptuous

audeo, -ere, ausus sum

to venture, dare, be bold, dare to do, risk

audio, -ire, -ivi (or -ii), -itum

to hear, listen (to)

aura, -ae (f.)

air (in motion), a breeze, breath of air, wind, blast

Aurelius, -i (m.)

a Roman male name (nomen - name of a Roman gens)

aureus, -a, -um

of gold, golden; gilded; gleaming like gold; splendid

auris, -is (f.)

ear

aurum, -i (n.)

gold