Biology Revision

What hormone triggers ovulation?

LH

Which hormone maintains the uterus lining?

Progesterone

Which hormone causes the uterus lining to thicken?

Oestrogen

Where is FSH released from?

Pituitary gland

What does FSH do?

Stimulates an egg to mature

What happens around day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

Ovulation

What happens if fertilisation does not occur?

Progesterone falls and the lining breaks down

What is transcription?

Making mRNA from DNA

Where does transcription happen in the cell?

In the nucleus

What enzyme joins RNA bases in transcription?

RNA polymerase

What is the product of transcription?

mRNA

Where does translation happen?

At ribosomes in the cytoplasm

What does mRNA carry?

The genetic code

What brings amino acids to the ribosome?

tRNA

What is produced at the end of translation?

A protein

What is a gene?

A section of DNA that codes for a protein

What is an allele?

A different version of a gene

What does homozygous mean?

Two identical alleles

What does heterozygous mean?

Two different alleles

What is a phenotype?

Physical characteristics shown

What is a genotype?

The alleles an organism has

What does dominant mean?

Shows even if only one allele is present

What does recessive mean?

Only shows if both alleles are recessive