Untitled Flashcards Set

Affordability

The cost or price of something.

African City Model

Characterized by three distinct CBDs, mining and industry on outskirts, ethnic neighborhoods reflecting tribal/ethnic identities.

Air Quality

Measured using AQI to determine levels of pollutants within the air and associated health concerns.

Bid-rent Theory

A geographic economic theory that explains how price and demand for real estate changes as distance from the CBD increases.

Blockbusting

The practice of persuading property owners to sell cheaply due to fear of other races or classes moving in.

Boomburbs

Incorporated places in the US with over 100,000 residents that are not core cities, maintaining population growth.

Brownfields

Former industrial or commercial sites affected by real or perceived environmental contamination.

Burgess Concentric Zone Model

Characterized by zones radiating outward in rings from a centrally located CBD.

Census

An official count or survey of a population, recording various demographic details.

Christaller's Central Place Theory

Theory explaining the number, size, and location of human settlements in a residential system.

City Government

Local public administration within the lowest tier of administration in a state.

City Infrastructure

Transportation, water/sewer, technology, and communication networks providing quality of life.

Climate Change

A shift in climate patterns due to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

County Government

Local public administration above city administration and below state/province level.

de facto segregation

Segregation that exists as fact, whether legally enforced or not.

Decentralization

The movement of departments of an organization away from a single administrative center.

Disamenity Zones

The poorest areas of cities lacking regular city services and often controlled by gangs or drug lords.

Ecological Footprint

The impact of a person or community on the environment in terms of necessary land resources.

Edge City

An area with concentrated businesses and entertainment outside traditional downtown areas.

Energy Use

The consumption of various energy forms in industry, transportation, and buildings.

Exurbs

Areas outside denser inner suburbs with economic connections to metro areas and low density.

Farmland Protection Policies

Laws discouraging federal conversion of farmland to nonagricultural uses.

Field Observation (Fieldwork)

Collection of data outside laboratory settings using qualitative methods.

Functional Fragmentation of Government

Governance with numerous governmental units managing their respective regions.

Gravity Model

Estimates interaction between two cities based on population and distance.

Greenbelts

Land use designation to retain undeveloped land surrounding urban areas.

Harris & Ullman Multiple Nuclei Model

Characterized by the growth of a separate CBD or business zone attracting growth.

Galactic City Model (Peripheral Model)

Depicts decentralized commercial landscapes with edge cities connected by a beltway.

Gentrification

The process of renovating a house or district to conform to middle-class tastes.

Housing Density

Defines the level of density of housing units used in land-use planning.

Hoyt Sector Model

Characterized by a CBD with land use radiating in wedge-shaped patterns.

Infilling (Land recycling)

Rededication of land for new construction in an urban environment.

Latin American City Model

Characterized by a CBD connected by a commercial spine with squatter settlements at the periphery.

Megacities

Very large metropolitan areas with populations exceeding 10 million.

Metacities (hypercity)

Very large metropolitan areas with populations exceeding 20 million.

Mixed Land Use

Zoning definitions allowing for multiple land uses, including commercial and residential.

Travel Narratives

Accounts focusing on the traveler and the spaces they explore.

Neighborhood Government

A council promoting citizen participation in local governance without legislative power.

New Urbanism

Urban planning approach promoting walkable streets and proximity of housing and shopping.

Periphery

The outer limits of an area, typically inhabited by the poorest populations.

Primate City

The largest city in a country with a significantly larger economic and cultural role.

Rank-Size Rule

Describes the population distribution and hierarchy of urban settlements.

Redlining

The refusal of loans or insurance based on the perceived financial risk of an area.

Sanitation

Conditions related to public health, including clean water and sewage disposal.

Site

The actual location of a settlement considering its physical characteristics.

Situation

The location of a place based on its relation to other places.

Slow-growth Cities

Metropolitan areas with low population growth or decline and associated policy problems.

Smart-growth Policies

Principles aimed at sustainable community growth prioritizing infilling and redevelopment.

Southeast Asian City Model

Characterized by port zones and wedge shaped sectors with squatter settlements.

Sprawl

Uncontrolled urban expansion into rural areas and farmlands characterized by low density.

Squatter Settlements

Buildings constructed by people without legal rights to the land.

State Government

The second tier of administration in the US between federal and county levels.

Suburbanization

The population shift from urban centers into suburbs leading to suburban sprawl.

Sustainable Design Initiatives

Efforts to reduce environmental impacts and improve occupant health in buildings.

Transportation-oriented Development

Urban development maximizing residential and business space near public transport.

Urban Growth Boundaries

Boundaries to control urban sprawl by designating areas for urban development only.

Urban Hierarchy

A ranking system of cities based on population size within urban areas.

Urban Sustainability

Promoting long-term well-being and efficient resource use in urban contexts.

Urbanization

The process of making an area more urban.

Walkability

A measure of how friendly an area is to pedestrian activities.

Water Quality

The characteristics of water including chemical, physical, and biological aspects.

World Cities (Global City)

Cities that serve as primary nodes in the global economic network.

Zone of Abandonment

Urban areas that have been deserted for various economic or environmental reasons.

Zoning Practices

Land use planning tool assisting local governments in designating spaces for economic activity.