Lesson 4.1: Enculturation and Socialization

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Socialization

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is basically the process of learning to behave in a way that is acceptable to society

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Enculturation

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is the process of being socialized into a certain culture.

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20 Terms

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Socialization

is basically the process of learning to behave in a way that is acceptable to society

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Enculturation

is the process of being socialized into a certain culture.

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Jeffrey J. Arnett’s 1st Goal of Socialization

socialization plays a crucial role in reaching individuals to control their impulses and develop a sense of conscience.

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Jeffrey J. Arnett’s 2nd Goal of Socialization

Socialization equips individuals with the skills and knowledge needed to fulfil various social roles within institutions like marriage and parenthood.

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Jeffrey J. Arnett’s 3rd Goal of Socialization

socialization fosters a common understanding of meaning and values. It enables individuals to recognize what is considered important and values within their specific culture.

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George Herbert Mead’ theory of the development of the social mind

focuses on how individuals form their self-identity and understand he world through social interactions; introduced a four-stage model, arguing that identity is not innate but instead merges through interactions.

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Self-development stage

the self is not inborn but it starts to evolve the moment of interaction.

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Play stage

comes first in the child’s development.; imitates roles they observe in “adult” society to understand the different social roles.

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Game Stage

Children begin to comprehend other people’s roles in deeper ways at this age; they start to see how their behaviors fit into the bigger picture.

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Generalized Others

A concept that represents the beliefs, attitudes and expectations of the society as a whole.

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Identity Formation

how a person develops their own sense of who they are.

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Cultural identity

is one’s feeling of identity or affiliation with a group or culture.

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Norms

a rule that shapes how people behave in a society or group; existing beyond individuals and influencing thoughts and actions (Emile Durkheim)

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Values

culturally defined standards that serve as broad guidelines for social living.

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Status

is part of our social identity and helps define our relationship with others

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Georg Simmel

one of the founders of sociology, once pointed out, before we can deal with anyone, we need to know who the person is.

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Linton

an American sociologist, defined status simply as ‘position’ in a social system.

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Role

refers to the behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status.

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Robert Merton

introduced the term role set to identify a number of roles attached to a single status.

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Impression Management

when people change their behavior to create a good impression, a concept introduced by Erving Goffman.