Period 1: 1491- 1607 Indigenous societies and Spanish Settlement Diagram | Quizlet

TERM

Pacific Northwest Tribes

DEFINITION

Dense population in an abundance of natural resources with dense woods and fishing. There were many distinct groups who controlled small territories and spoke different languages. Stratified societies ruled by wealthy families who nurtured strong warrior traditions to maintain control of their territories. Included the Chinooks; sophisticated fishing using dugout, ocean-going canoes; matriarchal, totem poles

TERM

Desert Southwest Tribes

DEFINITION

Drier climate forced tribes to manage water effectively. The Hopi lived near cliffs that were cooler, easlily defended and could collect water in cisterns

TERM

Eastern Woodlands Tribes

DEFINITION

Native Americans who adapted to a forest environment, hunters of deer and cultivated crops such as corn beans and squash. Complex societies such as the

TERM

Great Plains Tribes

DEFINITION

These nomadic tribes, such as the Sioux and the Pawnee engaged in some agriculture of corn, beans and squash but primarily migrated with the herds of bison/ buffalo to survive and built homes out of buffalo skin called teepees

cultivation

Preparing the land to grow crops; improvement for agricultural purposes Natives sometimes did this by slash and burn or shifting _____________ by moving when the ground was less fertile to another area

private property

this concept was not developed in traditional societies in America but was brought over by Europeans especially capitalist English settlers

domesticated animals

Native Americans hunted or fished for meat because these were not brought to the Americas before the Columbian Exchange except the Llama

1491

DATE of Pre-Columbus (Start of Period 1)

Christopher Columbus

He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India. Encouraged the exploitation of indigenous labor and support their conversion to Christianity

Colombian exchange

the biological exchange between the new world and the old world consisting of the old world bringing wheat, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, sugar, rice, coffee, smallpox, malaria and yellow fever. while the new world sent gold, silver, corn, potatoes, tobacco, and syphills