Molecular Geometry

What is the EPR theory or the electron pair repulsion theory?

States that atoms arranged themselves around the central atom to minimize electron pair repulsion

What is the bond angle, # of atoms bonded to the central atom, and # of unshared pairs on central atom of a linear molecule and give an example?

• 180°

• 2 bonded to the central atom

• 0 unshared pairs

• C02

What is the bond angle, # of atoms bonded to the central atom, and # of unshared pairs on central atom of a trigonal planar molecule and give an example?

• Electron deficient

• 120°

• 3 bonded to the central atom

• 0 on shared pairs

• BF3

What is the bond angle, # of atoms bonded to the central atom, and # of unshared pairs on central atom of a tetrahedral molecule and give an example?

• 109.5°

• 4 bonded to the central atom

• 0 unshared pairs

• CH4

What is the bond angle, # of atoms bonded to the central atom, and # of unshared pairs on central atom of a trigonal pyramid molecule and give an example?

• 107°

• 3 bonded to the central atom

• 1 unshared pairs

• NH3

What is the bond angle, # of atoms bonded to the central atom, and # of unshared pairs on central atom of a non-linear or V-shaped molecule and give an example?

• 104.5°

• 2 bonded to the central atom

• 2 unshared pairs

• H20

What is the molecular and structural formula for methane?

MF: CH4

SF; CH4

What is the molecular and structural formula for Ethane?

MF; C2H6

SF; CH3CH3

What is the molecular and structural formula for Propane?

MF; C3H8

SF; CH3CH2CH3

What is the molecular and structural formula for Butane?

MF; C4H10

SF; CH3CH2CH2CH3

What homologous series is methane, ethane, propane, and butane a part of?

The Alkanes

What formula can you use to determine how many hydrogen there is in an alkane?

Multiply the amount of carbons by two and then add two

ex. C2H6 (2×2+2=6)

Which molecule of the alkane family has no skeletal formula?

Methane and Ethane

What is the molecular and structural formula for Ethene?

MF; C2H4

SF; CH2=CH2

What is the molecular and structural formula for Propene?

MF; C3H6

SF; CH2=CHCH3

What is the molecular and structural formula for 1-Butane?

MF; C4H8

SF; CH2=CHCH2CH3

What is the molecular and structural formula for 2-Butane?

MF; C4H8

SF; CH3CH=CHCH3

what family is Ethene, Propene, 1-Butene, and 2-Butene a part of?

Alkene homologous series

Which molecule in the alkene homologous series does not have a skeletal formula?

Ethene

What is the molecular and structural formula for Methanol?

MF; CH3OH

SF; CH3OH

What is the molecular and structural formula for Ethanol?

MF; C2H5OH

SF; CH3CH2OH

What is the molecular and structural formula for 1-Propanol?

MF; C3H7OH

SF; CH3CH2CH2OH

What is the molecular and structural formula for 2-Propanol?

MF; C3H7OH

SF; CH3CHOHCH3

What homologous series is Methanol, Ethanol, 1-Propanol, and 2-Propanol a part of?

Alcohols

Which molecule in the alcohol family does not have a skeletal formula?

Methanol and Ethanol

When labeling OH on the skeletal formula, what should the line always point?

The line should always lead to the O in OH

What is the molecular and structural formula for Methonoic?

MF; CH202

SF; HCOOH

What is the molecular and structural formula for Ethanoic?

MF; C2H402

SF; CH3COOH

What is the molecular and structural formula for Propanoic?

MF;C3H602

SF; CH3CH2COOH

What is the molecular and structural formula for Butanoic?

MF; C4H802

SF; CH3CH2CH2COOH

What homologous series is methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic, and butanoic a part of?

Carboxylic Acids

Which molecule of the acids family does not have a skeletal formula?

Methanoic

what are the name of the side chains for 1 carbon 2 carbon and 3 carbons?

1. Methyl

2. Ethyl

3. Propyl

How do you remember the carbons in the name regarding something that branches of the parent chain?

You remember the carbons in the parent chain that the branches or side chains have the lowest possible numbers assigned to them

In what order do you write the name?

Alphabetically excluding prefixes

What should the grammar look like when naming?

Commas between numbers

Dashes between numbers and words

no spaces

What are the prefixes for F, Cl, Br, and I?

F- fluoro

Cl- chloro

Br- bromo

I- iodo