Pure Substances and Mixtures

Element

pure substance that can not be broken down into any other substance.

Pure substance

type of matter with constant composition: EX: the element Carbon, or the compound CO2.

Atom

smallest unit of an element that still maintains the properties of that element

Compound

pure substance that is Made of 2+ elements chemically combined in a definite ratio. Can be broken down by chemical reactions only. AKA molecule

Mixtures

2+ substances that are combined but not chemically bonded, so the constituents still retain their original properties

Constituents

the substances that make up the mixture

Homogeneous Mixture

uniform throughout

Heterogeneous Mixture

Not uniform throughout

Solution

another name for Heterogeneous mixture

Filtration

separates liquids (water and solutions) from solids. Will not work for homogenous mixtures since the whole thing is a solution.

Decanting

allows liquids and solids to separate using gravity

Distillation

separates liquids by taking advantage of different boiling points

Evaporation

Boiling the mixture and allowing the water to evaporate, leaves solids and solutes without the water